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Surgery Clerkship Objectives

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Objectives	Linked Activities	Linked Assessments	McMaster Program Competencies
Approach to the Patient
Patient History:
Perform focused history as part of the general medical history, including: chief complaint, present illness, surgical history, family history, and social history	Clerkship Teaching Session: Patient History Clinical Exposure: Patient History Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Patient History	Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Interact with patient in order to gain his & her confidence and cooperation, to assure comfort and modesty, and to develop an understanding of age, race, culture & SES on the patient's health.	Clerkship Teaching Session: Patient History Clinical Exposure: Patient History Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Patient History		1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 4.1 Communicate effectively with patients, families, and the public, as appropriate, across a broad range of socioeconomic and sociocultural backgrounds 4.4 Demonstrate insight and understanding about emotions and human responses to emotions that allow one to develop and manage interpersonal interactions, including the ability to manage one’s own interpersonal responses 5.2 Demonstrate compassion, integrity, and respect for others
Communicate results of the history in well organized written and oral reports	Clerkship Teaching Session: Patient History Clinical Exposure: Patient History Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Patient History		4.5 Maintain comprehensive, timely, and legible medical records
Examination:
Perform a general physical examination with emphasis on:		Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Chest & breast examination	Clinical Exposure: Examination Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination	Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Abdominal examination	Clinical Exposure: Examination Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination	Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Inguinal & scrotal examination	Clinical Exposure: Examination Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Rectal examination	Clinical Exposure: Examination Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination	Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 4.5 Maintain comprehensive, timely, and legible medical records
Communicate the relevant results of the examination in well organized written & oral reports	Clinical Exposure: Examination
Share results of the physical examination.	Clinical Exposure: Examination		4.5 Maintain comprehensive, timely, and legible medical records
Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations:
Order appropriate laboratory investigations	Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations	Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret laboratory investigations	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Interpret laboratory investigations	Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations	Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret laboratory investigations	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice
Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations:
Order appropriate imaging investigations	Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations	Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret imaging investigations	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Interpret imaging investigations	Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations	Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret imaging investigations	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice
Professional Competencies
Consistently fulfill the clerkship expectations of professional behaviour.	Clinical Exposure: Professional competencies		3.1 Solicit and respond to feedback from peers, teachers, supervisors, patients, families, and members of health care teams regarding one’s knowledge, skills, attitudes and professional behaviours 3.4 Identify and perform learning activities that address one’s gaps in knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes 5.12 Present oneself professionally to patients, families, and members of the health care team 8.3 Develop the ability to use self-awareness of knowledge, skills, and emotional limitation to seek help appropriately
Deepen their understanding of Informed Consent and Disclosure of Adverse Events.	Clinical Exposure: Professional competencies e-Learning Module: Informed Consent Online module by the Canadian Medical Protective Association: URL: http://www.cmpa-acpm.ca/cmpapd04/docs/ela/flash/informed_consent_profiling-e.cfm?id=gpg Large Group Session: Professional Competencies in Surgery Deepen your understanding of Informed Consent and Disclosure of Adverse Events. Broaden your Procomp experience by observing a discussion obtaining consent for surgery with a patient, an explanation of an adverse event or ‘bad news’ to a patient, and/or positive examples by mentors dealing with challenges to ethics, communication or professionalism. Deepen their understanding of Informed Consent and Disclosure of Adverse Events. Identify, reflect on, and discuss with peers a “Procomp Moment” during your surgical clerkship that involved communication, consent, adverse event, professional behavior, personal health, or medical student role in the hierarchy.	e-Learning Module Completion: Informed Consent Online module by the Canadian Medical Protective Association: URL: http://www.cmpa-acpm.ca/cmpapd04/docs/ela/flash/informed_consent_profiling-e.cfm?id=gpg	1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 5.1 Demonstrate accountability to patients, society, and the profession 5.4 Demonstrate respect for patient confidentiality, privacy and autonomy 5.7 Demonstrate the application of ethical principles to commonly encountered ethical issues such as the provision or withholding of care, confidentiality, informed consent, and including compliance with relevant laws, policies, and regulations
Broaden their Procomp experience by observing a discussion obtaining consent for surgery with a patient, an explanation of an adverse event or ‘bad news’ to a patient, and/or positive examples by mentors dealing with challenges to ethics, communication or professionalism.	Clinical Exposure: Professional competencies		4.3 Demonstrate sensitivity, honesty, and compassion in difficult conversations, including those about death, end of life, adverse events, bad news, disclosure of errors, and other sensitive topics 5.12 Present oneself professionally to patients, families, and members of the health care team 5.7 Demonstrate the application of ethical principles to commonly encountered ethical issues such as the provision or withholding of care, confidentiality, informed consent, and including compliance with relevant laws, policies, and regulations
Identify, reflect on, and discuss with peers a “Procomp Moment” during your surgical clerkship that involved communication, consent, adverse event, professional behavior, personal health, or medical student role in the hierarchy.	Small Group Session: Professional Competencies in Surgery Groups of 6-10 students with a surgeon facilitator will describe their Procomp moment to the group.	Clerkship Reflection Paper: Professional Competencies in Surgery Identify a "procomp" moment - positive or negative, that the student was directly involved in. Write a 500 word reflection and include consideration of What happened? Who was it discussed with? How does the GPG suggest it could have been handled? What did I learn? Final Rotation Assessment: Internal Medicine Rotation Domains assessed: Fund of Knowledge, Knowledge Integration, History taking, Clinical Examination, Clinical Management, Learning Skills, Communication Skills, Professional Responsibility and Integrity, Pursuit of Excellence and Insight, Personal Interactions. Essential Clinical Encounters review.	3.1 Solicit and respond to feedback from peers, teachers, supervisors, patients, families, and members of health care teams regarding one’s knowledge, skills, attitudes and professional behaviours 4.1 Communicate effectively with patients, families, and the public, as appropriate, across a broad range of socioeconomic and sociocultural backgrounds 4.3 Demonstrate sensitivity, honesty, and compassion in difficult conversations, including those about death, end of life, adverse events, bad news, disclosure of errors, and other sensitive topics 5.12 Present oneself professionally to patients, families, and members of the health care team 5.7 Demonstrate the application of ethical principles to commonly encountered ethical issues such as the provision or withholding of care, confidentiality, informed consent, and including compliance with relevant laws, policies, and regulations 8.1 Demonstrate healthy coping mechanisms to respond to stress
Primary Presentations
Abdominal Masses
Describe the causes of hepatomegaly.
Discuss the most frequently encountered benign hepatic tumors and their management.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the most frequently encountered malignant hepatic tumors and their management.	Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Describe the causes of splenomegaly.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the most common signs and symptoms associated with hypersplenism.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the short and long term complications associated with surgical removal of the spleen.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.7 Counsel and educate patients and their families to empower them to participate in their care and enable shared decision-making 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Describe the differential diagnosis of a pancreatic mass.	Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Discuss the management of cystic lesions of the pancreas.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases		2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
How do you differentiate a pancreatic pseudocyst from a cystadenoma or true cyst?	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Which patients with a pancreatic cyst need surgery and when?	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Know the major complications of pancreatic necrosis and pseudocyst formation?	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Abdominal Pain
Emphasis will be placed on:
Characterization of abdominal pain (location, severity, character, pattern).	e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment. e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic). Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Temporal sequence of abdominal pain (onset, frequency, duration, progression).	e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment. e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic). Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Alleviating and exacerbating factors of abdominal pain (position, food, activity, medications).	e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment. e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic). Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Associated signs and symptoms of abdominal pain (nausea vomiting, fever, chills, anorexia, wt. loss, cough, dysphagia, dysuria/frequency, altered bowel function diarrhea, constipation, obstipation, hematochezia, melena, etc.).	e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment. e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic). Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Pertinent medical history: prior surgery or illness, associated conditions (pregnancy, menstrual cycle, diabetes, atrial fibrillation or cardiovascular disease, immunosuppression). Medications: anticoagulation, steroids etc. (for abdominal pain).	e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment. e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic). Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Demonstrate the components of a complete abdominal examination including rectal, genital and pelvic examinations.	Clinical Exposure: Examination		1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Relate the significance of the various component examinations: observation, auscultation, percussion, palpation as they apply to common abdominal pathologic processes. Examples: distention, visible peristalsis, high pitched or absent bowel sounds, tympany, mass, localized vs. generalized guarding and/or rebound tenderness.	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Demonstrate and relate the significance of various maneuvers utilized in evaluating acute abdominal pain. Examples: iliopsoas sign, Rovsing's sign, obturator sign, Murphy's sign, cough tenderness, heel tap, cervical motion tenderness.	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Develop a differential diagnosis for various patients presenting with acute abdominal pain. Differentiate based on: Location (RUQ, epigastric, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ, Flank) and Symptom complex (examples: periumbilical pain localizing to RLQ, acute onset left flank pain with radiation to the testicle etc).	Clinical Exposure: Acute Abdominal pain Clinical Exposure: Flank pain Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain.			1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain: Laboratory: CBC, amylase, electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, glucose, urinalysis, beta-HCG, liver profile.	Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain: Diagnostic imaging: Flat and upright abdominal radiographs, upright chest X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan abdomen and pelvis, GI contrast radiography, angiography.	Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain: Special diagnostic/Interventional techniques: upper endoscopy, procto-sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, laparoscopy.	e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Abdominal Wall and Groin Masses
Discuss the differential diagnosis of inguinal pain, mass or bulge. consider hernia, adenopathy, muscular strain.	e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia The purpose of this module is to become familiar with the anatomy of the groin, understand the anatomical difference between an indirect and direct hernia and describe the anatomical difference between an inguinal and femoral hernia. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Describe the anatomic differences between indirect and direct hernias.	e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia The purpose of this module is to become familiar with the anatomy of the groin, understand the anatomical difference between an indirect and direct hernia and describe the anatomical difference between an inguinal and femoral hernia. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the relative frequency of indirect, direct and femoral hernias by age and gender.	e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia The purpose of this module is to become familiar with the anatomy of the groin, understand the anatomical difference between an indirect and direct hernia and describe the anatomical difference between an inguinal and femoral hernia. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations
Discuss the clinical conditions that may predispose to development of inguinal hernia.	e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia The purpose of this module is to become familiar with the anatomy of the groin, understand the anatomical difference between an indirect and direct hernia and describe the anatomical difference between an inguinal and femoral hernia. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the potential sites for abdominal wall hernias. Consider incisional, umbilical, inguinal, femoral, Spigelian, and epigastric. Differentiate diastasis recti from abdominal hernia.	e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia The purpose of this module is to become familiar with the anatomy of the groin, understand the anatomical difference between an indirect and direct hernia and describe the anatomical difference between an inguinal and femoral hernia. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Altered Neurological Status and Head Injury
Describe the physiology of intracerebral pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), including the effects of blood pressure, ventilatory status, and fluid balance on ICP and CPP.	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Recognize the Cushing reflex and its clinical importance (brain herniation).	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the signs, etiology and treatment of intracranial hemorrhage (subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage).	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the relative incidence and location of the most common brain tumors, their clinical manifestations, their diagnosis, and general treatment strategies.	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations
Differentiate TIA, RIND, and CVA.	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the presentation and management of hydrocephalus. Compare and contrast adult and pediatric hydrocephalus.	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Students will understand the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in subarachnoid hemorrhage and epidural hematomas.	Large Group Session: Neurosurgery Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Benign and Malignant Skin Lesions (Skin / Soft tissue)
Describe the commonly used local anesthetics.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 3.7 Use information technology and information systems to optimize patient care
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of epinephrine in the local anesthetic.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss special precautions needed on the digits.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss safe dosage ranges of the common anesthetics and the potential toxicities of these drugs.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the common benign skin lesions and their treatment (papillomas, skin tags, subcutaneous cysts, lipomas).	Clinical Exposure: Benign/Malignant skin lesions e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the characteristics, typical location, etiology and incidence of basal cell and squamous skin cancers.	Clinical Exposure: Benign/Malignant skin lesions e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the relationship (of benign and malignant skin lesions) to solar irradiation, ethnicity, previous tissue injury, and immunosuppression.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the characteristics of malignant skin lesions which distinguish them from benign lesions.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the characteristics, typical locations, etiology and incidence of malignant melanoma.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the relationship of melanoma to benign nevi and characteristics which help differentiate them.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss risk factors for melanoma.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations
What are the lesions which have high potential for malignant transformation?	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the various types of melanoma and prognosis for each type.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.99 Other Knowledge for Practice
Discuss the relationship of size and thickness to prognosis. (melanoma)	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the usual treatment for cutaneous melanoma including margins, depth and lymph node management including sentinel node mapping.	e-Learning Module: Skin cancer This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Breast Mass Inflammation and Discharge
Develop a differential diagnosis for a 20-year-old patient with breast mass and a 45- year-old patient with breast mass. Consider benign vs. malignant, abscess.	e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer. Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Describe the diagnostic work-up and sequence: Discuss importance of the patient's history: estimated duration of illness, nipple discharge, breast cancer risk factor assessment. Discuss physical findings to look for.	e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer. Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Discuss the diagnosis and management of the patient with an abnormal mammogram (consider microcalcifications).	Clinical Exposure: Breast mass/inflammation/discharge e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer. Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Discuss the importance of such breast imaging studies as ultrasound and mammography.	e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer. Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the rationale for management with specific emphasis on: Staging of breast CA; The role of incision and drainage and antibiotics in breast abscess treatment; Current recommendations for screening mammography.	e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer. Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health 2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations
Chest Pain and Shortness of Breath
Describe the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the risks of pneumothorax which could prove life-threatening.	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations
Discuss the underlying pulmonary pathology you might expect to find. (pneumothorax)	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the role of: Observation; Tube thoracostomy; Chemical sclerosis; Surgical management of this condition (pneumothorax).	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the common etiologies for hemothorax.	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss an appropriate diagnostic evaluation for a patient with hemothorax.	Clinical Exposure: Shortness of breath/chest pain in postoperative patient Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the appropriate management of blood in the pleural cavity.	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Which patients (with hemothorax) need an operation?	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
What are the risks in leaving the blood diagnostic in the chest?	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the most common non-traumatic causes of hemothorax.	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Pulmonary Embolus
Describe the presentations, etiologies and management of pulmonary embolus.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the predisposing factors which may lead to Pulmonary Embolus.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the main points in the evaluation for pulmonary embolus.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss management options for pulmonary embolus: Who needs anticoagulation with heparin? Who needs lytic therapy? Who needs vena caval filter protection? Discuss the indication for open thoracotomy and pulmonary embolectomy to treat massive embolism.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Ear, Nose, Throat
Discuss the differential diagnosis of ear pain (otalgia). Consider infection, trauma, neoplasm, inflammation, vascular contrast etiologies in children versus adults.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss the diagnosis, treatment and complications of acute and chronic otitis media. Include indications for myringotomy tube placement.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Outline the evaluation of a patient presenting with hearing loss; differentiate between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Identify treatable causes.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Outline the evaluation of a patient presenting with tinnitus. Describe the potential etiologies and management.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Describe the risk factors, diagnosis and management of epistaxis. Describe the indications and techniques for nasal packing.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice. 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare 2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations
Discuss the causes and mechanisms of chronic rhinitis/rhinorrhea. Outline the evaluation and management of chronic rhinitis.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Describe the indications for tonsillectomy.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Outline the evaluation of a patient with a salivary gland mass. Describe the potential etiologies. Describe the common tumors of the salivary gland and their management.	Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry. Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Fluids and Electrolytes
List the normal range of Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl- in serum and indicate how these ranges change in perspiration, gastric juice, bile and ileostomy contents.	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
List least six symptoms or physical findings of dehydration.	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
List and describe the objective ways of measuring fluid balance.	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
List the electrolyte composition of the following solutions: normal (0.9%) saline; half normal saline; one third normal saline; 5 percent dextrose in water; Ringer's lactate.	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
In the following situations, indicate whether serum Na, K, HCO3, Cl and blood pH will remain stable (0), rise considerably (++), rise moderately (+), fall moderately (-), or fall considerably (--): excessive gastric losses; high volume pancreatic fistula; small intestine fistula; biliary fistula; diarrhea	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
In the following situations, indicate whether serum and urine Na, K, HCO3, Cl and osmolality will remain stable (0), rise considerably (++), rise moderately (+), fall moderately (-), or fall considerably (--): acute tubular necrosis; dehydration; secretion (SIADH); diabetes insipidus; congestive heart failure	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the possible causes, appropriate laboratory studies needed, and treatment of the following conditions: hypernatremia; hyponatremia; hyperkalemia; hypokalemia; hypochloremia	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Describe the concept of a “third space” and list those conditions that can cause fluid sequestration of this type.	Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Acid Base Balance
List the physiological limits of normal blood gases.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
List the factors that effect oxygen delivery and consumption.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Indicate the mechanisms, methods of compensation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the following acid base disorders: acute metabolic acidosis; acute respiratory acidosis; acute metabolic alkalosis; acute respiratory alkalosis.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Genito-Urinary
Describe the potential etiologies of hematuria.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Consider age and character of bleeding (hematuria): initial, terminal, total.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Consider microscopic vs. gross hematuria.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the diagnostic modalities available for evaluation of hematuria.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Consider CT, cystoscopy, IVP, ultrasound, cystourethrogram, and retrograde pyleography (hematuria).	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Describe the staging and management of renal cell carcinoma, and transitional cell carcinoma.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Discuss renal and ureteral calculi.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the clinical presentation of renal and ureteral calculi.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the etiologies and diagnostic evaluation of a patient with UTI.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Outline the etiologies and work-up of a patient with pneumaturia.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Outline the initial evaluation of patients presenting with urinary frequency, nocturia, urgency or urinary retention.	Clinical Exposure: Urinary complaints Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
GI Hemorrhage
Outline the initial management of a patient with an acute GI hemorrhage. Discuss indications for transfusion, fluid replacement, and choice of fluids.	Clinical Exposure: Gastrointestinal Bleeding Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Differentiate upper vs. lower GI hemorrhage. Discuss history and physical exam abnormalities. Discuss diagnostic studies.	Clinical Exposure: Gastrointestinal Bleeding Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the differences in evaluation and management of the patient presenting with: hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, guaiac positive stool.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss management for: peptic ulcer, variceal hemorrhage, Mallory-Weiss tear gastric ulcer (benign vs. malignant), Meckel's diverticulum , intussusceptions, diverticulosis , ulcerative colitis, colon cancer, rectal cancer, hemorrhoids, AV malformation.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Hepatobiliary and Jaundice
Gallstones.	e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Cholecystitis	e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Biliary Colic	e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Choledocolithiasis	e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Colangitis	e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process. Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pancreatitis	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Pancreatic Pseudocyst	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Carcinoma of the Pancreas	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Hepatomegaly/Splenomegaly	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Jaundice
Describe the differential diagnosis of a patient with jaundice.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss, prehepatic, intrahepatic (both non-obstructive) and posthepatic (obstructive) etiologies (for jaundice).	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss importance of the patient's history: estimated duration of illness, associated symptoms (pain and its characteristics), and risk factors.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Discuss important physical exam findings: hepatomegaly; palpable mass; Courvoisier's sign; Murphy's sign; scleral icterus; abdominal tenderness; lymphadenopathy; Charcot's triad; Reynold's pentad.	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Explain the rationale for using these diagnostic tests in the evaluation of a patient with jaundice: Liver function tests, including hepatitis profile, peripheral blood smear, Coombs tests, etc. Hepatobiliary imaging procedures (ultrasound, CT scan, ERCP, PTHC, HIDA).	Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Leg Pain
Describe atherosclerosis, its etiology, prevention and sites of predilection.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss neurological vs. vascular etiologies of walking induced leg pain.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss musculoskeletal etiologies (of leg pain).	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the pathophysiology of intermittent claudication.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the diagnostic work-up of chronic arterial occlusive disease.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss risk factors associated with arterial occlusive disease.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the etiologies and presentation of acute arterial occlusion.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss embolic vs. thrombotic occlusion.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the signs and symptoms of acute arterial occlusion (the "P's").	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the medical and surgical management (of acute arterial occlusion).	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Discuss the complications associated with prolonged ischemia and revascularization.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndrome.			1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Describe the differential diagnosis, location, appearance and symptoms of leg ulcers due to: Arterial disease; Venous stasis disease; Neuropathy; Infection; Malignancy.	Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions. Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss how to differentiate lymphedema from venous stasis.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the factors that lead to venous thrombosis and embolism.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the common invasive and noninvasive diagnostic tests for DVT.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Discuss methods for DVT prophylaxis and identify high-risk patients.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient. Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Lung Nodule
Create an algorithm for the evaluation of a patient with a lung nodule on chest x-ray.	e-Learning Module: Lung cancer In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection. Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice
Discuss the common risk factors and clinical symptoms of lung cancer.	e-Learning Module: Lung cancer In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection. Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
List the most common sources of malignant metastases to the lungs.	e-Learning Module: Lung cancer In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection. Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Compare and contrast the management and prognosis of metastatic vs. primary lung malignancies.	e-Learning Module: Lung cancer In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection. Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the most common diagnostic procedures used to evaluate pulmonary and mediastinal lesions.	e-Learning Module: Lung cancer In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection. Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
List the common tumors of the anterior, posterior and superior mediastinum.	e-Learning Module: Lung cancer In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection. Large Group Session: Oncology Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Neck Masses
Discuss the embryologic origin of these lesions (neck mass) and the anatomic implications to consider when resecting them.	Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the signs, symptoms & etiologies of inflammatory neck masses.	Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss Ludwig's angina and why it may be life-threatening.	Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
What is appropriate treatment for cervical adenitis?	Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the most common neoplastic neck masses and their origin.	Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the role of fine-needle cytology, open biopsy, CT scan, MRI, thyroid scan, and nasopharyngeal endoscopy in the diagnostic work up of a neck mass.	Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss the evaluation and differential diagnosis of a patient with a thyroid nodule.	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss the common thyroid malignancies, their cell of origin and their management. Which has the best prognosis? The worst?	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Which (common thyroid malignancies) are associated with MEN syndrome?	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the relationship of radiation exposure to thyroid malignancy.	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Which malignancies frequently metastasize to the neck?	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the common non-neoplastic thyroid diseases that could present as a mass.	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism and discuss treatment options.	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss diagnosis and management of thyroiditis.	e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer. Large Group Session: Head and Neck Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Non-Healing Wounds
Define "non-healing" wounds.	Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss a differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of a patient with: non-healing lower extremity wound; non-healing wound of the torso; body area other than the lower extremity.	Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the pathophysiology involved for each of the diagnostic possibilities (for non-healing wounds). Consider: pressure; ischemia; infection; malignancy; foreign body.	Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss wound infection, seroma, hematoma, wound dehisance.	Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Ophthalmology
Red eye: Traumatic; Infectious; Inflammatory; Chronic	Large Group Session: Ophthalmology Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Common retinal problems	Large Group Session: Ophthalmology Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Cataracts	Large Group Session: Ophthalmology Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Pterygium	Large Group Session: Ophthalmology Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Chalazion	Large Group Session: Ophthalmology Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Pediatric Surgery
Hernias/Hydroceles	e-Learning Module: Pediatric Hernia At the end of this module you will be able to understand the workup of a patient with a groin mass and describe the embryological descent of the testis, closure of PPV, and formation of inguinal canal. Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery Pediatric IV Fluid requirements. Appendicitis. Intussusception. Hernia. Hydrocele. Pyloric stenosis. Umbilical hernia. Neonatal congenital anomalies. Bowel obstruction in newborn. Hirschsprung’s Disease. Congenital neck masses. Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Neck Masses	Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery Pediatric IV Fluid requirements. Appendicitis. Intussusception. Hernia. Hydrocele. Pyloric stenosis. Umbilical hernia. Neonatal congenital anomalies. Bowel obstruction in newborn. Hirschsprung’s Disease. Congenital neck masses. Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Bowel obstruction: Adhesions, hernias, intussusception, Meckel's diverticulum, Volvulus, Hirschprung's disease.	Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery Pediatric IV Fluid requirements. Appendicitis. Intussusception. Hernia. Hydrocele. Pyloric stenosis. Umbilical hernia. Neonatal congenital anomalies. Bowel obstruction in newborn. Hirschsprung’s Disease. Congenital neck masses. Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Perianal Pain
Develop a differential diagnosis for a patient with perianal pain. (Be sure to include benign, malignant and inflammatory causes.)	e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses. Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the characteristic history findings for each of the above (perianal pain) including: character and duration of complaint, presence or absence of associated bleeding, relationship of complaint to defecation.	e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses. Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Describe physical exam findings for each diagnosis of perianal pain. Indicate in which part of exam (external, digital, anoscopic or proctoscopic) these findings are identified.	e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses. Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.
Discuss treatment plan for each diagnosis listed in objective one (for perianal pain), including non-operative interventions and role and timing of surgical interventions.	e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses. Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Post Operative Complications
Describe the differential diagnosis of a patient having postoperative fever. For each entity, discuss the clinical manifestations, appropriate diagnostic work-up, and management: Within 24 hours: response to surgical trauma; atelectasis; necrotizing wound infections. Between 24 and 72 hours: pulmonary disorders (atelectasis, pneumonia); catheter related complications (IV-phlebitis, Foley-UTI). After 72 hours: infectious (UTI, pneumonia, wound infection, deep abscess, anastomotic leak, prosthetic infection, parotitis); noninfectious (deep vein thrombosis).	Clinical Exposure: Fever in Postoperative Patient Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the following wound complications in terms of predisposing risk factors (patient condition, type of operation, technique), as well as their recognition, treatment, and prevention: hematoma and seroma; wound infection; dehiscence; incisional hernia.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the various causes of respiratory distress and respiratory insufficiency that may occur in the postoperative patient. For each complication, describe the etiology, clinical presentation, management, and methods of prevention: atelectasis; pneumonia; aspiration; pulmonary edema; pulmonary embolism (including deep venous thrombosis); fat embolism.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the diagnostic work-up and treatment of oliguria in the postoperative period. Include pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes (including urinary retention).	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss the possible causes of hypotension which may occur in the postoperative period. For each etiology describe its pathophysiology and treatment: hypovolemia; sepsis; cardiogenic shock - including postoperative myocardial infarction; fluid overload; arrhythmias; pericardial tamponade; medication effects	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the management of postoperative chest pain.	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Describe factors which can lead to abnormal bleeding postoperatively, and discuss its prevention and management: Surgical site - inherited and acquired factor deficiencies; DIC; transfusion reactions; operative technique; gastroduodenal (i.e. stress ulcerations)	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health
Discuss disorders of alimentary tract function following laparotomy which may produce nausea, vomiting, and/or abdominal distension: paralytic ileus; acute gastric dilatation; intestinal obstruction; fecal impaction	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the factors which can give rise to alterations in cognitive function postoperatively, as well as their evaluation and treatment. Alterations in cognitive function: hypoxia; metabolic; alcohol withdrawal; hyponatremia	Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Retroperitoneal Masses
Describe the most frequently encountered retroperitoneal masses.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the appropriate imaging studies and work up for retroperitoneal masses.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the evaluation and management of abdominal aortic aneurysms.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Discuss appropriate imaging studies for aneurysms.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss how to determine which patients need surgical repair of the aneurysm.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss the risks of surgical treatment and the risks of the aneurysm left untreated.	Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Scrotal Pain and Swelling
Discuss the following: Testicular tumor; Testicular torsion; Epididymitis; Torsion of the appendix testis; Orchitis; Trauma; Hydrocele; Varicocele	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss emergent vs. non emergent causes of (scrotal pain and swelling).	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss presentation and physical findings of each (loss of cremasteric reflex, high or transverse lie, blue dot sign etc.)	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Laboratory investigations of scrotal swelling and pain: normal urinalysis, normal or minimally elevated white blood cell count.	Clinical Exposure: Inguinal/Scrotal complaints Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice
Discuss role of scrotal ultrasound / transillumination.	Large Group Session: Urology Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice
Shock
Define shock.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Differentiate the signs, symptoms, and hemodynamic features of shock: hemorrhagic; cardiogenic; septic; neurogenic; anaphylactic.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss priorities and specific goals of resuscitation for each form of shock: define goals of resuscitation; defend choice of fluids; discuss indications for transfusion; discuss management of acute coagulopathy; discuss indications for invasive monitoring; discuss use of inotropes; afterload reduction in management	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Small and Large Bowel Diseases
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease/Ulcerative Colitis)	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Appendicitis	e-Learning Module: Appendicitis This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Diverticulitis	e-Learning Module: Diverticulitis At the end of this module, you will be able to understand clinical presentation of diverticular disease and complications, describe imaging findings suspicious for diverticular disease, explain endoscopic findings for diverticular disease and determine management options for diverticular disease. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Enterocolitis	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Small Bowel Obstruction Partial/Complete	Clinical Exposure: Bowel Obstruction e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Large Bowel Obstruction	Clinical Exposure: Bowel Obstruction Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Carcinoma Bowel	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Volvulus	Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery Pediatric IV Fluid requirements. Appendicitis. Intussusception. Hernia. Hydrocele. Pyloric stenosis. Umbilical hernia. Neonatal congenital anomalies. Bowel obstruction in newborn. Hirschsprung’s Disease. Congenital neck masses. Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias. Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Fecal Impaction	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic). Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Trauma
Describe the priorities and sequence of a trauma patient evaluation (ABC's).	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Describe the four classes of hemorrhagic shock and how to recognize them.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the appropriate fluid resuscitation of a trauma victim.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss choice of IV access (of a trauma patient).	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the choice of fluid and use of blood components (for a trauma patient).	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the differences between adult and pediatric resuscitation.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the types, etiology and prevention of coagulopathies typically found in patients with massive hemorrhage.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the appropriate triage of a patient in a trauma system.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the diagnostic evaluation, differences between blunt and penetrating mechanisms of injury and the initial management of: Spine injury; Thoracic injury; Abdominal injury; Urinary injury.	e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient. Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient
Describe the early management of a major burn.	e-Learning Module: Burn management In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Discuss estimation of total body surface burn and burn depth.	e-Learning Module: Burn management In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss fluid resuscitation, choice of fluid and monitoring for adequacy of resuscitation (rule of 9's, differences in pediatric and adult management).	Large Group Session: Trauma Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition. Round Table Discussion: Trauma	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss options for topical antimicrobial therapy.	e-Learning Module: Burn management In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss inhalation injury, CO poisoning and triage of patients to burn centers.	e-Learning Module: Burn management In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the basic principles of wound coverage, skin grafting, and timing.	e-Learning Module: Burn management In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the assessment and need for escharotomy.	e-Learning Module: Burn management In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury. Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract – Esophagus and Stomach
Esophagus
Describe the common presenting symptoms associated with gastro-esophageal reflux.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the relationship of reflux to chronic asthma and aspiration.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the appropriate diagnostic work-up of a patient with suspect reflux. What is the role of: barium swallow; endoscopy; manometry; 24 hour pH testing.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Discuss the evaluation of dysphagia.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the treatment of esophageal stricture.		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
What are the risks of dilation?		Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss Barrett’s esophagus and its implications. What are the risks of malignancy? Who needs surgical management?	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the pathophysiology and treatment of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm. (Mallory-Weiss tear; Achalesia; Variceal Bleeding; Zenker’s Diverticulum; Perforation)	Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Stomach
Peptic Ulcer disease	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Perforation	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Gastritis	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Gastric outlet Obstruction	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Carcinoma	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Upper and Lower GI hemorrage	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Outline the initial management of a patient with an acute GI hemorrhage.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss indications for transfusion, fluid replacement, and choice of fluids.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Differentiate upper vs. lower GI hemorrhage.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss history and physical exam abnormalities (stomach).	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss diagnostic studies (stomach).	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the differences in evaluation and management of the patient presenting with: hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, guaiac positive stool.	Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Vomiting
Discuss in general, the differential diagnosis for a patient with emesis. Consider timing and character of the emesis and associated abdominal pain. Contrast etiologies in infants, children and adults.	Clinical Exposure: Vomiting, diarrhea and constipation Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the clinical presentation and etiologies of gastric outlet obstruction.	Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the diagnosis and management of obstructive ulcer disease.	Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests. 1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Describe the signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction.	e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the common etiologies of mechanical small bowel obstruction.	e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the potential complications and management of small bowel obstruction.	e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Outline the initial management of a patient with mechanical small bowel obstruction, including laboratory tests and x-rays.	e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans
Contrast the presentation and management of partial vs. complete small bowel obstruction.	e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Differentiate the signs, symptoms and radiographic patterns of paralytic ileus and small bowel obstruction.	e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction. Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Diarrhea
Discuss the differential diagnosis of diarrhea in adults. Consider chronicity, absence or presence of blood and associated pain. Consider infectious causes.	Clinical Exposure: Vomiting, diarrhea and constipation Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the presentation and potential complications of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Contrast the pathology, anatomic location and pattern, cancer risk and diagnostic evaluation of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Discuss the clinical manifestations, risk factors, diagnosis and management of pseudomembranous colitis.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Outline the risk factors, presentation, diagnosis and management of ischemic colitis.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Constipation
Discuss the potential etiologies of constipation in adults and children. Consider chronic vs. acute.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
Describe the clinical presentation and etiologies of large bowel obstruction.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.
List the diagnostic methods utilized in the evaluation of potential large bowel obstruction, including contraindications and cost effectiveness.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment
Outline the diagnosis and management of colonic volvulus, diverticular stricture, fecal impaction and obstructing colon cancer.	Clinical Exposure: Vomiting, diarrhea and constipation Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).	Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Primary Presenations (Surgery Clerkship) The final MCQ examination occurs in week six of the rotation. Review of a basic surgery text is essential for success on the final MCQ examination. Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship) The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.	1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment 1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans 2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare
Prevention
Indications for and methods of screening for colorectal carcinoma.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).		1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health
Use of surveillance endoscopy in ulcerative colitis.	Round Table Discussion: Colorectal Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).		1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health

Objectives

Linked Activities

Linked Assessments

McMaster Program Competencies

Approach to the Patient

Patient History:

Perform focused history as part of the general medical history, including: chief complaint, present illness, surgical history, family history, and social history

Clerkship Teaching Session: Patient History

Clinical Exposure: Patient History

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Patient History

Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Interact with patient in order to gain his & her confidence and cooperation, to assure comfort and modesty, and to develop an understanding of age, race, culture & SES on the patient's health.

Clerkship Teaching Session: Patient History

Clinical Exposure: Patient History

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Patient History

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

4.1 Communicate effectively with patients, families, and the public, as appropriate, across a broad range of socioeconomic and sociocultural backgrounds

4.4 Demonstrate insight and understanding about emotions and human responses to emotions that allow one to develop and manage interpersonal interactions, including the ability to manage one’s own interpersonal responses

5.2 Demonstrate compassion, integrity, and respect for others

Communicate results of the history in well organized written and oral reports

Clerkship Teaching Session: Patient History

Clinical Exposure: Patient History

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Patient History

4.5 Maintain comprehensive, timely, and legible medical records

Examination:

Perform a general physical examination with emphasis on:

Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Chest & breast examination

Clinical Exposure: Examination

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination

Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Abdominal examination

Clinical Exposure: Examination

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination

Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Inguinal & scrotal examination

Clinical Exposure: Examination

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination

Large Group Session: Urology

Prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Hematuria. Prostate specific antigen (PSA). Incontinence. Overactive bladder. Kidney stones. Erectile Dysfunction. Urethral injuries. Urothelial cancer. Andropause.

Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Rectal examination

Clinical Exposure: Examination

Clinical Skills Practice Sessions: Examination

Direct Observation Tool: Obtain a history and perform a physical examination adapted to the patient’s clinical situation

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

4.5 Maintain comprehensive, timely, and legible medical records

Communicate the relevant results of the examination in well organized written & oral reports

Clinical Exposure: Examination

Share results of the physical examination.

Clinical Exposure: Examination

4.5 Maintain comprehensive, timely, and legible medical records

Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations:

Order appropriate laboratory investigations

Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations

Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret laboratory investigations

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Interpret laboratory investigations

Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations

Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret laboratory investigations

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations:

Order appropriate imaging investigations

Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations

Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret imaging investigations

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Interpret imaging investigations

Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations

Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Order and interpret imaging investigations

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

Professional Competencies

Consistently fulfill the clerkship expectations of professional behaviour.

Clinical Exposure: Professional competencies

3.1 Solicit and respond to feedback from peers, teachers, supervisors, patients, families, and members of health care teams regarding one’s knowledge, skills, attitudes and professional behaviours

3.4 Identify and perform learning activities that address one’s gaps in knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes

5.12 Present oneself professionally to patients, families, and members of the health care team

8.3 Develop the ability to use self-awareness of knowledge, skills, and emotional limitation to seek help appropriately

Deepen their understanding of Informed Consent and Disclosure of Adverse Events.

Clinical Exposure: Professional competencies

e-Learning Module: Informed Consent

Online module by the Canadian Medical Protective Association: URL: http://www.cmpa-acpm.ca/cmpapd04/docs/ela/flash/informed_consent_profiling-e.cfm?id=gpg

Large Group Session: Professional Competencies in Surgery

Deepen your understanding of Informed Consent and Disclosure of Adverse Events. Broaden your Procomp experience by observing a discussion obtaining consent for surgery with a patient, an explanation of an adverse event or ‘bad news’ to a patient, and/or positive examples by mentors dealing with challenges to ethics, communication or professionalism. Deepen their understanding of Informed Consent and Disclosure of Adverse Events. Identify, reflect on, and discuss with peers a “Procomp Moment” during your surgical clerkship that involved communication, consent, adverse event, professional behavior, personal health, or medical student role in the hierarchy.

e-Learning Module Completion: Informed Consent

Online module by the Canadian Medical Protective Association: URL: http://www.cmpa-acpm.ca/cmpapd04/docs/ela/flash/informed_consent_profiling-e.cfm?id=gpg

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

5.1 Demonstrate accountability to patients, society, and the profession

5.4 Demonstrate respect for patient confidentiality, privacy and autonomy

5.7 Demonstrate the application of ethical principles to commonly encountered ethical issues such as the provision or withholding of care, confidentiality, informed consent, and including compliance with relevant laws, policies, and regulations

Broaden their Procomp experience by observing a discussion obtaining consent for surgery with a patient, an explanation of an adverse event or ‘bad news’ to a patient, and/or positive examples by mentors dealing with challenges to ethics, communication or professionalism.

Clinical Exposure: Professional competencies

4.3 Demonstrate sensitivity, honesty, and compassion in difficult conversations, including those about death, end of life, adverse events, bad news, disclosure of errors, and other sensitive topics

5.12 Present oneself professionally to patients, families, and members of the health care team

Identify, reflect on, and discuss with peers a “Procomp Moment” during your surgical clerkship that involved communication, consent, adverse event, professional behavior, personal health, or medical student role in the hierarchy.

Small Group Session: Professional Competencies in Surgery

Groups of 6-10 students with a surgeon facilitator will describe their Procomp moment to the group.

Clerkship Reflection Paper: Professional Competencies in Surgery

Identify a "procomp" moment - positive or negative, that the student was directly involved in. Write a 500 word reflection and include consideration of What happened? Who was it discussed with? How does the GPG suggest it could have been handled? What did I learn?

Final Rotation Assessment: Internal Medicine Rotation

Domains assessed: Fund of Knowledge, Knowledge Integration, History taking, Clinical Examination, Clinical Management, Learning Skills, Communication Skills, Professional Responsibility and Integrity, Pursuit of Excellence and Insight, Personal Interactions. Essential Clinical Encounters review.

3.1 Solicit and respond to feedback from peers, teachers, supervisors, patients, families, and members of health care teams regarding one’s knowledge, skills, attitudes and professional behaviours

4.1 Communicate effectively with patients, families, and the public, as appropriate, across a broad range of socioeconomic and sociocultural backgrounds

4.3 Demonstrate sensitivity, honesty, and compassion in difficult conversations, including those about death, end of life, adverse events, bad news, disclosure of errors, and other sensitive topics

5.12 Present oneself professionally to patients, families, and members of the health care team

8.1 Demonstrate healthy coping mechanisms to respond to stress

Primary Presentations

Abdominal Masses

Describe the causes of hepatomegaly.

Discuss the most frequently encountered benign hepatic tumors and their management.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

The oral examination takes place in week five or six of the rotation. It is approximately one to one and a half hours in length. The student is responsible for preparing a general surgery case for presentation. The student will be questioned on the case and then on a variety of other topics.

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the most frequently encountered malignant hepatic tumors and their management.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Describe the causes of splenomegaly.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the most common signs and symptoms associated with hypersplenism.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the short and long term complications associated with surgical removal of the spleen.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.7 Counsel and educate patients and their families to empower them to participate in their care and enable shared decision-making

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Describe the differential diagnosis of a pancreatic mass.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Discuss the management of cystic lesions of the pancreas.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

How do you differentiate a pancreatic pseudocyst from a cystadenoma or true cyst?

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Which patients with a pancreatic cyst need surgery and when?

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Know the major complications of pancreatic necrosis and pseudocyst formation?

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Abdominal Pain

Emphasis will be placed on:

Characterization of abdominal pain (location, severity, character, pattern).

e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment.

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Temporal sequence of abdominal pain (onset, frequency, duration, progression).

e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment.

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Alleviating and exacerbating factors of abdominal pain (position, food, activity, medications).

e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment.

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Associated signs and symptoms of abdominal pain (nausea vomiting, fever, chills, anorexia, wt. loss, cough, dysphagia, dysuria/frequency, altered bowel function diarrhea, constipation, obstipation, hematochezia, melena, etc.).

e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment.

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pertinent medical history: prior surgery or illness, associated conditions (pregnancy, menstrual cycle, diabetes, atrial fibrillation or cardiovascular disease, immunosuppression). Medications: anticoagulation, steroids etc. (for abdominal pain).

e-Learning Module: Abdominal aortic aneurysms

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms and their treatment.

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Demonstrate the components of a complete abdominal examination including rectal, genital and pelvic examinations.

Clinical Exposure: Examination

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Relate the significance of the various component examinations: observation, auscultation, percussion, palpation as they apply to common abdominal pathologic processes. Examples: distention, visible peristalsis, high pitched or absent bowel sounds, tympany, mass, localized vs. generalized guarding and/or rebound tenderness.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Demonstrate and relate the significance of various maneuvers utilized in evaluating acute abdominal pain. Examples: iliopsoas sign, Rovsing's sign, obturator sign, Murphy's sign, cough tenderness, heel tap, cervical motion tenderness.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Develop a differential diagnosis for various patients presenting with acute abdominal pain. Differentiate based on: Location (RUQ, epigastric, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ, Flank) and Symptom complex (examples: periumbilical pain localizing to RLQ, acute onset left flank pain with radiation to the testicle etc).

Clinical Exposure: Acute Abdominal pain

Clinical Exposure: Flank pain

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain: Laboratory: CBC, amylase, electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, glucose, urinalysis, beta-HCG, liver profile.

Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Laboratory Investigations

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain: Diagnostic imaging: Flat and upright abdominal radiographs, upright chest X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan abdomen and pelvis, GI contrast radiography, angiography.

Clinical Exposure: Order and Interpret Imaging Investigations

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Explain the rationale for utilizing various diagnostic modalities in the evaluation of abdominal pain: Special diagnostic/Interventional techniques: upper endoscopy, procto-sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, laparoscopy.

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Abdominal Wall and Groin Masses

Discuss the differential diagnosis of inguinal pain, mass or bulge. consider hernia, adenopathy, muscular strain.

e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia

The purpose of this module is to become familiar with the anatomy of the groin, understand the anatomical difference between an indirect and direct hernia and describe the anatomical difference between an inguinal and femoral hernia.

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Describe the anatomic differences between indirect and direct hernias.

e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the relative frequency of indirect, direct and femoral hernias by age and gender.

e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations

Discuss the clinical conditions that may predispose to development of inguinal hernia.

e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the potential sites for abdominal wall hernias. Consider incisional, umbilical, inguinal, femoral, Spigelian, and epigastric. Differentiate diastasis recti from abdominal hernia.

e-Learning Module: Inguinal Hernia

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Altered Neurological Status and Head Injury

Describe the physiology of intracerebral pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), including the effects of blood pressure, ventilatory status, and fluid balance on ICP and CPP.

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Cerebral Contusion. Basal Skull Fractures. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Diffuse Axonal Injury. Pathophysiology of supratentorial brain herniation. Grading of consciousness - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Clinical classification of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). ICP = Intracranial Pressure. Munro-Kellie doctrine. Brain tumor. Intracerebral hemorrhage. Management of severe pediatric TBI.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Recognize the Cushing reflex and its clinical importance (brain herniation).

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the signs, etiology and treatment of intracranial hemorrhage (subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage).

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the relative incidence and location of the most common brain tumors, their clinical manifestations, their diagnosis, and general treatment strategies.

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Differentiate TIA, RIND, and CVA.

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the presentation and management of hydrocephalus. Compare and contrast adult and pediatric hydrocephalus.

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Students will understand the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in subarachnoid hemorrhage and epidural hematomas.

Large Group Session: Neurosurgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Benign and Malignant Skin Lesions (Skin / Soft tissue)

Describe the commonly used local anesthetics.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

3.7 Use information technology and information systems to optimize patient care

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of epinephrine in the local anesthetic.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss special precautions needed on the digits.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss safe dosage ranges of the common anesthetics and the potential toxicities of these drugs.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the common benign skin lesions and their treatment (papillomas, skin tags, subcutaneous cysts, lipomas).

Clinical Exposure: Benign/Malignant skin lesions

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the characteristics, typical location, etiology and incidence of basal cell and squamous skin cancers.

Clinical Exposure: Benign/Malignant skin lesions

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the relationship (of benign and malignant skin lesions) to solar irradiation, ethnicity, previous tissue injury, and immunosuppression.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the characteristics of malignant skin lesions which distinguish them from benign lesions.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the characteristics, typical locations, etiology and incidence of malignant melanoma.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the relationship of melanoma to benign nevi and characteristics which help differentiate them.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss risk factors for melanoma.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

What are the lesions which have high potential for malignant transformation?

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the various types of melanoma and prognosis for each type.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.99 Other Knowledge for Practice

Discuss the relationship of size and thickness to prognosis. (melanoma)

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the usual treatment for cutaneous melanoma including margins, depth and lymph node management including sentinel node mapping.

e-Learning Module: Skin cancer

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of skin cancer, specifically melanoma.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Breast Mass Inflammation and Discharge

Develop a differential diagnosis for a 20-year-old patient with breast mass and a 45- year-old patient with breast mass. Consider benign vs. malignant, abscess.

e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer.

Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Describe the diagnostic work-up and sequence: Discuss importance of the patient's history: estimated duration of illness, nipple discharge, breast cancer risk factor assessment. Discuss physical findings to look for.

e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer.

Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Discuss the diagnosis and management of the patient with an abnormal mammogram (consider microcalcifications).

Clinical Exposure: Breast mass/inflammation/discharge

e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer.

Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Discuss the importance of such breast imaging studies as ultrasound and mammography.

e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer.

Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the rationale for management with specific emphasis on: Staging of breast CA; The role of incision and drainage and antibiotics in breast abscess treatment; Current recommendations for screening mammography.

e-Learning Module: Breast cancer surgery

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer.

Round Table Discussion: Breast Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health

Chest Pain and Shortness of Breath

Describe the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Demonstrate concepts of primary and secondary patient assessment. Establish management priorities in trauma situations. Initiate primary and secondary management as necessary. Arrange appropriate disposition.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the risks of pneumothorax which could prove life-threatening.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the underlying pulmonary pathology you might expect to find. (pneumothorax)

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the role of: Observation; Tube thoracostomy; Chemical sclerosis; Surgical management of this condition (pneumothorax).

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the common etiologies for hemothorax.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss an appropriate diagnostic evaluation for a patient with hemothorax.

Clinical Exposure: Shortness of breath/chest pain in postoperative patient

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the appropriate management of blood in the pleural cavity.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Which patients (with hemothorax) need an operation?

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

What are the risks in leaving the blood diagnostic in the chest?

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the most common non-traumatic causes of hemothorax.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pulmonary Embolus

Describe the presentations, etiologies and management of pulmonary embolus.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the predisposing factors which may lead to Pulmonary Embolus.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the main points in the evaluation for pulmonary embolus.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss management options for pulmonary embolus: Who needs anticoagulation with heparin? Who needs lytic therapy? Who needs vena caval filter protection? Discuss the indication for open thoracotomy and pulmonary embolectomy to treat massive embolism.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Ear, Nose, Throat

Discuss the differential diagnosis of ear pain (otalgia). Consider infection, trauma, neoplasm, inflammation, vascular contrast etiologies in children versus adults.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss the diagnosis, treatment and complications of acute and chronic otitis media. Include indications for myringotomy tube placement.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Outline the evaluation of a patient presenting with hearing loss; differentiate between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Identify treatable causes.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Outline the evaluation of a patient presenting with tinnitus. Describe the potential etiologies and management.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Describe the risk factors, diagnosis and management of epistaxis. Describe the indications and techniques for nasal packing.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

1.6 Perform or assist with medical, diagnostic, and surgical procedures considered essential for the area of practice.

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the causes and mechanisms of chronic rhinitis/rhinorrhea. Outline the evaluation and management of chronic rhinitis.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Describe the indications for tonsillectomy.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Outline the evaluation of a patient with a salivary gland mass. Describe the potential etiologies. Describe the common tumors of the salivary gland and their management.

Large Group Session: Ear, Nose and Throat

How to evaluate a patient with a sore throat, hearing loss or with nasal obstruction. Acute Tonsillitis. Epiglottitis. Rinne and Weber Tests. Tympanometry.

Round Table Discussion: ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat)

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Fluids and Electrolytes

List the normal range of Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl- in serum and indicate how these ranges change in perspiration, gastric juice, bile and ileostomy contents.

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

List least six symptoms or physical findings of dehydration.

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

List and describe the objective ways of measuring fluid balance.

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

List the electrolyte composition of the following solutions: normal (0.9%) saline; half normal saline; one third normal saline; 5 percent dextrose in water; Ringer's lactate.

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

In the following situations, indicate whether serum Na, K, HCO3, Cl and blood pH will remain stable (0), rise considerably (++), rise moderately (+), fall moderately (-), or fall considerably (--): excessive gastric losses; high volume pancreatic fistula; small intestine fistula; biliary fistula; diarrhea

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

In the following situations, indicate whether serum and urine Na, K, HCO3, Cl and osmolality will remain stable (0), rise considerably (++), rise moderately (+), fall moderately (-), or fall considerably (--): acute tubular necrosis; dehydration; secretion (SIADH); diabetes insipidus; congestive heart failure

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the possible causes, appropriate laboratory studies needed, and treatment of the following conditions: hypernatremia; hyponatremia; hyperkalemia; hypokalemia; hypochloremia

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Describe the concept of a “third space” and list those conditions that can cause fluid sequestration of this type.

Clinical Exposure: Fluid management in the surgical patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Acid Base Balance

List the physiological limits of normal blood gases.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

List the factors that effect oxygen delivery and consumption.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Indicate the mechanisms, methods of compensation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the following acid base disorders: acute metabolic acidosis; acute respiratory acidosis; acute metabolic alkalosis; acute respiratory alkalosis.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Genito-Urinary

Describe the potential etiologies of hematuria.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Consider age and character of bleeding (hematuria): initial, terminal, total.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Consider microscopic vs. gross hematuria.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the diagnostic modalities available for evaluation of hematuria.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Consider CT, cystoscopy, IVP, ultrasound, cystourethrogram, and retrograde pyleography (hematuria).

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Describe the staging and management of renal cell carcinoma, and transitional cell carcinoma.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Discuss renal and ureteral calculi.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the clinical presentation of renal and ureteral calculi.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the etiologies and diagnostic evaluation of a patient with UTI.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Outline the etiologies and work-up of a patient with pneumaturia.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Outline the initial evaluation of patients presenting with urinary frequency, nocturia, urgency or urinary retention.

Clinical Exposure: Urinary complaints

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

GI Hemorrhage

Outline the initial management of a patient with an acute GI hemorrhage. Discuss indications for transfusion, fluid replacement, and choice of fluids.

Clinical Exposure: Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Differentiate upper vs. lower GI hemorrhage. Discuss history and physical exam abnormalities. Discuss diagnostic studies.

Clinical Exposure: Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the differences in evaluation and management of the patient presenting with: hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, guaiac positive stool.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss management for: peptic ulcer, variceal hemorrhage, Mallory-Weiss tear gastric ulcer (benign vs. malignant), Meckel's diverticulum , intussusceptions, diverticulosis , ulcerative colitis, colon cancer, rectal cancer, hemorrhoids, AV malformation.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Hepatobiliary and Jaundice

Gallstones.

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Cholecystitis

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Biliary Colic

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Choledocolithiasis

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Colangitis

e-Learning Module: Cholecystitis

In this module you will be introduced to the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis and other diseases related to cholelithiasis and understand the role of anatomy in determining the disease process.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pancreatitis

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pancreatic Pseudocyst

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Carcinoma of the Pancreas

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Hepatomegaly/Splenomegaly

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Jaundice

Describe the differential diagnosis of a patient with jaundice.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss, prehepatic, intrahepatic (both non-obstructive) and posthepatic (obstructive) etiologies (for jaundice).

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss importance of the patient's history: estimated duration of illness, associated symptoms (pain and its characteristics), and risk factors.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Discuss important physical exam findings: hepatomegaly; palpable mass; Courvoisier's sign; Murphy's sign; scleral icterus; abdominal tenderness; lymphadenopathy; Charcot's triad; Reynold's pentad.

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Explain the rationale for using these diagnostic tests in the evaluation of a patient with jaundice: Liver function tests, including hepatitis profile, peripheral blood smear, Coombs tests, etc. Hepatobiliary imaging procedures (ultrasound, CT scan, ERCP, PTHC, HIDA).

Round Table Discussion: Biliary Tract Diseases

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Leg Pain

Describe atherosclerosis, its etiology, prevention and sites of predilection.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss neurological vs. vascular etiologies of walking induced leg pain.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss musculoskeletal etiologies (of leg pain).

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the pathophysiology of intermittent claudication.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the diagnostic work-up of chronic arterial occlusive disease.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss risk factors associated with arterial occlusive disease.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the etiologies and presentation of acute arterial occlusion.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss embolic vs. thrombotic occlusion.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the signs and symptoms of acute arterial occlusion (the "P's").

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the medical and surgical management (of acute arterial occlusion).

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Discuss the complications associated with prolonged ischemia and revascularization.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndrome.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Describe the differential diagnosis, location, appearance and symptoms of leg ulcers due to: Arterial disease; Venous stasis disease; Neuropathy; Infection; Malignancy.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss how to differentiate lymphedema from venous stasis.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the factors that lead to venous thrombosis and embolism.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the common invasive and noninvasive diagnostic tests for DVT.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Discuss methods for DVT prophylaxis and identify high-risk patients.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Lung Nodule

Create an algorithm for the evaluation of a patient with a lung nodule on chest x-ray.

e-Learning Module: Lung cancer

In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

Discuss the common risk factors and clinical symptoms of lung cancer.

e-Learning Module: Lung cancer

In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

List the most common sources of malignant metastases to the lungs.

e-Learning Module: Lung cancer

In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Compare and contrast the management and prognosis of metastatic vs. primary lung malignancies.

e-Learning Module: Lung cancer

In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the most common diagnostic procedures used to evaluate pulmonary and mediastinal lesions.

e-Learning Module: Lung cancer

In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

List the common tumors of the anterior, posterior and superior mediastinum.

e-Learning Module: Lung cancer

In this module, you will learn about presentation, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer along with patient evaluation to assess suitability for pulmonary resection.

Large Group Session: Oncology

Assessment of a patient with pulmonary nodule. Lung Cancer Screening. Lung Cancer Staging. Operative Treatment of Lung Cancer. Take home messages for the multiple disciplines of medicine.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Neck Masses

Discuss the embryologic origin of these lesions (neck mass) and the anatomic implications to consider when resecting them.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the signs, symptoms & etiologies of inflammatory neck masses.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss Ludwig's angina and why it may be life-threatening.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

What is appropriate treatment for cervical adenitis?

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the most common neoplastic neck masses and their origin.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the role of fine-needle cytology, open biopsy, CT scan, MRI, thyroid scan, and nasopharyngeal endoscopy in the diagnostic work up of a neck mass.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss the evaluation and differential diagnosis of a patient with a thyroid nodule.

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss the common thyroid malignancies, their cell of origin and their management. Which has the best prognosis? The worst?

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Which (common thyroid malignancies) are associated with MEN syndrome?

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the relationship of radiation exposure to thyroid malignancy.

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Which malignancies frequently metastasize to the neck?

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the common non-neoplastic thyroid diseases that could present as a mass.

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism and discuss treatment options.

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss diagnosis and management of thyroiditis.

e-Learning Module: Thyroid nodule

In this module, you will learn about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of thyroid nodules and specifically of thyroid cancer.

Large Group Session: Head and Neck

Introduction to Head and Neck Surgery: basic clinical exam; relevant anatomy. Review common clinical scenarios in head and neck surgery. Neck Mass. Thyroid Nodules.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Non-Healing Wounds

Define "non-healing" wounds.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss a differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of a patient with: non-healing lower extremity wound; non-healing wound of the torso; body area other than the lower extremity.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the pathophysiology involved for each of the diagnostic possibilities (for non-healing wounds). Consider: pressure; ischemia; infection; malignancy; foreign body.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss wound infection, seroma, hematoma, wound dehisance.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Ophthalmology

Red eye: Traumatic; Infectious; Inflammatory; Chronic

Large Group Session: Ophthalmology

Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Common retinal problems

Large Group Session: Ophthalmology

Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Cataracts

Large Group Session: Ophthalmology

Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pterygium

Large Group Session: Ophthalmology

Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Chalazion

Large Group Session: Ophthalmology

Approach to the Red Eye. Common Retinal Problems. Urgent diagnosis of Eye problems: Diabetes mellitus; Temporal arteritis; Thyroid orbitopathy; Optic neuritis; Papilledema.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Pediatric Surgery

Hernias/Hydroceles

e-Learning Module: Pediatric Hernia

At the end of this module you will be able to understand the workup of a patient with a groin mass and describe the embryological descent of the testis, closure of PPV, and formation of inguinal canal.

Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery

Pediatric IV Fluid requirements. Appendicitis. Intussusception. Hernia. Hydrocele. Pyloric stenosis. Umbilical hernia. Neonatal congenital anomalies. Bowel obstruction in newborn. Hirschsprung’s Disease. Congenital neck masses.

Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Neck Masses

Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery

Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Bowel obstruction: Adhesions, hernias, intussusception, Meckel's diverticulum, Volvulus, Hirschprung's disease.

Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery

Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Perianal Pain

Develop a differential diagnosis for a patient with perianal pain. (Be sure to include benign, malignant and inflammatory causes.)

e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the characteristic history findings for each of the above (perianal pain) including: character and duration of complaint, presence or absence of associated bleeding, relationship of complaint to defecation.

e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Describe physical exam findings for each diagnosis of perianal pain. Indicate in which part of exam (external, digital, anoscopic or proctoscopic) these findings are identified.

e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

Discuss treatment plan for each diagnosis listed in objective one (for perianal pain), including non-operative interventions and role and timing of surgical interventions.

e-Learning Module: Anorectal disease

This module reviews the presentation, diagnosis and management of anorectal disease, and specifically of perianal abcesses.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Post Operative Complications

Describe the differential diagnosis of a patient having postoperative fever. For each entity, discuss the clinical manifestations, appropriate diagnostic work-up, and management: Within 24 hours: response to surgical trauma; atelectasis; necrotizing wound infections. Between 24 and 72 hours: pulmonary disorders (atelectasis, pneumonia); catheter related complications (IV-phlebitis, Foley-UTI). After 72 hours: infectious (UTI, pneumonia, wound infection, deep abscess, anastomotic leak, prosthetic infection, parotitis); noninfectious (deep vein thrombosis).

Clinical Exposure: Fever in Postoperative Patient

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the following wound complications in terms of predisposing risk factors (patient condition, type of operation, technique), as well as their recognition, treatment, and prevention: hematoma and seroma; wound infection; dehiscence; incisional hernia.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the various causes of respiratory distress and respiratory insufficiency that may occur in the postoperative patient. For each complication, describe the etiology, clinical presentation, management, and methods of prevention: atelectasis; pneumonia; aspiration; pulmonary edema; pulmonary embolism (including deep venous thrombosis); fat embolism.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the diagnostic work-up and treatment of oliguria in the postoperative period. Include pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes (including urinary retention).

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss the possible causes of hypotension which may occur in the postoperative period. For each etiology describe its pathophysiology and treatment: hypovolemia; sepsis; cardiogenic shock - including postoperative myocardial infarction; fluid overload; arrhythmias; pericardial tamponade; medication effects

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the management of postoperative chest pain.

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Describe factors which can lead to abnormal bleeding postoperatively, and discuss its prevention and management: Surgical site - inherited and acquired factor deficiencies; DIC; transfusion reactions; operative technique; gastroduodenal (i.e. stress ulcerations)

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health

Discuss disorders of alimentary tract function following laparotomy which may produce nausea, vomiting, and/or abdominal distension: paralytic ileus; acute gastric dilatation; intestinal obstruction; fecal impaction

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the factors which can give rise to alterations in cognitive function postoperatively, as well as their evaluation and treatment. Alterations in cognitive function: hypoxia; metabolic; alcohol withdrawal; hyponatremia

Large Group Session: Pre and Post operative care

Review of basic fluid physiology and management. Pre-operative and postoperative assessment of the surgical patient.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Retroperitoneal Masses

Describe the most frequently encountered retroperitoneal masses.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the appropriate imaging studies and work up for retroperitoneal masses.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the evaluation and management of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Discuss appropriate imaging studies for aneurysms.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss how to determine which patients need surgical repair of the aneurysm.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss the risks of surgical treatment and the risks of the aneurysm left untreated.

Large Group Session: Vascular Surgery

Aneurysms. Claudication. Thrombosis.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Scrotal Pain and Swelling

Discuss the following: Testicular tumor; Testicular torsion; Epididymitis; Torsion of the appendix testis; Orchitis; Trauma; Hydrocele; Varicocele

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss emergent vs. non emergent causes of (scrotal pain and swelling).

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss presentation and physical findings of each (loss of cremasteric reflex, high or transverse lie, blue dot sign etc.)

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Laboratory investigations of scrotal swelling and pain: normal urinalysis, normal or minimally elevated white blood cell count.

Clinical Exposure: Inguinal/Scrotal complaints

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

Discuss role of scrotal ultrasound / transillumination.

Large Group Session: Urology

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

Shock

Define shock.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Differentiate the signs, symptoms, and hemodynamic features of shock: hemorrhagic; cardiogenic; septic; neurogenic; anaphylactic.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss priorities and specific goals of resuscitation for each form of shock: define goals of resuscitation; defend choice of fluids; discuss indications for transfusion; discuss management of acute coagulopathy; discuss indications for invasive monitoring; discuss use of inotropes; afterload reduction in management

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Small and Large Bowel Diseases

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease/Ulcerative Colitis)

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Appendicitis

e-Learning Module: Appendicitis

This module reviews the presentation and findings associated with acute appendicitis, as well as other pathophysiologic entities in the right lower quadrant.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Diverticulitis

e-Learning Module: Diverticulitis

At the end of this module, you will be able to understand clinical presentation of diverticular disease and complications, describe imaging findings suspicious for diverticular disease, explain endoscopic findings for diverticular disease and determine management options for diverticular disease.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Enterocolitis

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Small Bowel Obstruction Partial/Complete

Clinical Exposure: Bowel Obstruction

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

At the end of this module you will be able to understand about the presentation, diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction and how to distinguish this from ileus or large bowel obstruction, and list the common etiologies of bowel obstruction.

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Large Bowel Obstruction

Clinical Exposure: Bowel Obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Carcinoma Bowel

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Volvulus

Large Group Session: Pediatric Surgery

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Round Table Discussion: Pediatric Surgery

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Fecal Impaction

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Trauma

Describe the priorities and sequence of a trauma patient evaluation (ABC's).

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Describe the four classes of hemorrhagic shock and how to recognize them.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the appropriate fluid resuscitation of a trauma victim.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss choice of IV access (of a trauma patient).

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the choice of fluid and use of blood components (for a trauma patient).

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the differences between adult and pediatric resuscitation.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the types, etiology and prevention of coagulopathies typically found in patients with massive hemorrhage.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the appropriate triage of a patient in a trauma system.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the diagnostic evaluation, differences between blunt and penetrating mechanisms of injury and the initial management of: Spine injury; Thoracic injury; Abdominal injury; Urinary injury.

e-Learning Module: Trauma resuscitation

This module reviews the basics of trauma resuscitation and the management of the severely injured patient.

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

Describe the early management of a major burn.

e-Learning Module: Burn management

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.2 Organize and prioritize responsibilities to provide care that is safe, effective, and efficient

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Discuss estimation of total body surface burn and burn depth.

e-Learning Module: Burn management

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss fluid resuscitation, choice of fluid and monitoring for adequacy of resuscitation (rule of 9's, differences in pediatric and adult management).

Large Group Session: Trauma

Round Table Discussion: Trauma

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss options for topical antimicrobial therapy.

e-Learning Module: Burn management

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss inhalation injury, CO poisoning and triage of patients to burn centers.

e-Learning Module: Burn management

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the basic principles of wound coverage, skin grafting, and timing.

e-Learning Module: Burn management

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the assessment and need for escharotomy.

e-Learning Module: Burn management

In this module you will learn the etiology and pathophysiology of thermal injury and the initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management of burn injury and complications of burn injury.

Large Group Session: Plastic Surgery

Stages and phases of wound healing. The acute wound healing cascade. Burns. Benign and malignant skin conditions.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract – Esophagus and Stomach

Esophagus

Describe the common presenting symptoms associated with gastro-esophageal reflux.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the relationship of reflux to chronic asthma and aspiration.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the appropriate diagnostic work-up of a patient with suspect reflux. What is the role of: barium swallow; endoscopy; manometry; 24 hour pH testing.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Discuss the evaluation of dysphagia.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the treatment of esophageal stricture.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

What are the risks of dilation?

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss Barrett’s esophagus and its implications. What are the risks of malignancy? Who needs surgical management?

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the pathophysiology and treatment of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm. (Mallory-Weiss tear; Achalesia; Variceal Bleeding; Zenker’s Diverticulum; Perforation)

Round Table Discussion: Acute Abdomen

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Stomach

Peptic Ulcer disease

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Perforation

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Gastritis

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Gastric outlet Obstruction

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Carcinoma

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Upper and Lower GI hemorrage

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Outline the initial management of a patient with an acute GI hemorrhage.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss indications for transfusion, fluid replacement, and choice of fluids.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Differentiate upper vs. lower GI hemorrhage.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss history and physical exam abnormalities (stomach).

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss diagnostic studies (stomach).

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the differences in evaluation and management of the patient presenting with: hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, guaiac positive stool.

Round Table Discussion: GI Bleed

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Vomiting

Discuss in general, the differential diagnosis for a patient with emesis. Consider timing and character of the emesis and associated abdominal pain. Contrast etiologies in infants, children and adults.

Clinical Exposure: Vomiting, diarrhea and constipation

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the clinical presentation and etiologies of gastric outlet obstruction.

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the diagnosis and management of obstructive ulcer disease.

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.1 Gather essential and accurate information about patients and their health through history-taking, physical examination, and the use of laboratory data, imaging, and other tests.

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Describe the signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction.

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the common etiologies of mechanical small bowel obstruction.

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the potential complications and management of small bowel obstruction.

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Outline the initial management of a patient with mechanical small bowel obstruction, including laboratory tests and x-rays.

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

Contrast the presentation and management of partial vs. complete small bowel obstruction.

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Differentiate the signs, symptoms and radiographic patterns of paralytic ileus and small bowel obstruction.

e-Learning Module: Bowel obstruction

Round Table Discussion: Hernia / Bowel Obstruction

Definitions. Approach to bowel obstructions (Plain films / Investigations). Small bowel obstructions. Large bowel obstructions. Management of bowel obstructions. Hernias.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.3 Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Diarrhea

Discuss the differential diagnosis of diarrhea in adults. Consider chronicity, absence or presence of blood and associated pain. Consider infectious causes.

Clinical Exposure: Vomiting, diarrhea and constipation

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the presentation and potential complications of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Contrast the pathology, anatomic location and pattern, cancer risk and diagnostic evaluation of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Discuss the clinical manifestations, risk factors, diagnosis and management of pseudomembranous colitis.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Outline the risk factors, presentation, diagnosis and management of ischemic colitis.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Constipation

Discuss the potential etiologies of constipation in adults and children. Consider chronic vs. acute.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

Describe the clinical presentation and etiologies of large bowel obstruction.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

2.2 Apply biomedical scientific principles fundamental to health care for patients and populations.

List the diagnostic methods utilized in the evaluation of potential large bowel obstruction, including contraindications and cost effectiveness.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

Outline the diagnosis and management of colonic volvulus, diverticular stricture, fecal impaction and obstructing colon cancer.

Clinical Exposure: Vomiting, diarrhea and constipation

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam: Primary Presenations (Surgery Clerkship)

The final MCQ examination occurs in week six of the rotation. Review of a basic surgery text is essential for success on the final MCQ examination.

Clerkship Structured Oral Examination: Primary Presentations (Surgery Clerkship)

1.4 Make informed decision about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions based on patient information and preferences, up-to-date scientific evidence, and clinical judgment

1.5 Develop and carry out patient management plans

2.3 Apply principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based healthcare

Prevention

Indications for and methods of screening for colorectal carcinoma.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health

Use of surveillance endoscopy in ulcerative colitis.

Round Table Discussion: Colorectal

Review of anatomy. Review of physiology. Diverticular disease. Large Bowel Obstruction (Cancer, Volvulus). Colitis (Infectious and Ischemic).

1.9 Provide health care services to patients, families, and communities aimed at preventing health problems or maintaining health