Curriculum Block

Objectives

• Explain the structure, function and physiology of the urinary tract, kidney, nephron and glomerulus
• Choose and then analyze laboratory tests which would permit you to investigate systematically each of your hypotheses.
• Explain the mechanisms of action of diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blocking (ARB) agents and apply them to appropriate clinical scenarios.
• Describe the determinants of intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) volume.
• Describe the normal distribution of sodium, potassium and water in the ICF and ECF compartments.
• Define osmolality.
• Demonstrate the role of the sodium ion in determining the osmolality of the ECF and its clinical manifestations.
• Describe and apply how the total amount of sodium in the body determines the volume of the intravascular space.
• Understand how the kidney conserves sodium appropriately during hypovolemic states, and inappropriately in the setting of congestive heart failure.
• Illustrate the mechanisms by which the kidney may excrete a dilute versus concentrated urine.
• Describe the relationship between total body water and the serum sodium concentration.
• Describe the main sites of potassium reabsorption in the nephron.
• Describe how potassium secretion by the kidney regulates the serum potassium concentration.
• Describe the role of the following in the secretion of potassium by the kidney: aldosterone activity and tubular flow rate

Tags

Urinalysis: dipstick Medical Foundation 2 Part 2 Renal Week 3 Part 2 Week 3 Hyperkalemia Hypernatremia Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Proteinuria Hydrochlorothiazide [D02.886.655.500.261.476] Chlorothiazide [D02.886.590.700.135.261] Chlorothiazide [D02.886.655.500.261] Chlorothiazide [D03.438.174.261] Diuretics [D27.505.696.560.500] Electrolytes [D01.248] Fanconi Syndrome [C12.777.419.250] Gitelman Syndrome [C12.777.419.815.491] Hydrochlorothiazide [D02.886.590.700.135.261.476] Hydrochlorothiazide [D03.438.174.261.476] Hyperkalemia [C18.452.950.396] Hypernatremia [C18.452.950.452] Hypokalemia [C18.452.950.565] Hyponatremia [C18.452.950.620] Kidney Diseases [C12.777.419] Kidney Diseases [C13.351.968.419] Kidney Glomerulus [A05.810.453.324.359] Kidney Glomerulus [A05.810.453.736.520] Kidney Tubules [A05.810.453.736.560] Kidney [A05.810.453] Nephrons [A05.810.453.736] Physiological Effects of Drugs [D27.505.696] Plasma [A12.207.152.693] Proteinuria [C13.351.968.934.734] Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors [C13.351.968.419.815] Saline Solution [D26.776.498.500.750] Water-Electrolyte Balance [G02.111.917] Water-Electrolyte Imbalance [C18.452.950]