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Curriculum Objective

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Anatomy

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Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

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Parent Objective

Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Child Objectives

Understand surface anatomy of the abdomen and important landmarks.
Describe and identify peritoneum (parietal and visceral layer), its reflection, omentum, ligaments and mesentery, greater and lesser sacs, intra peritoneal and retro peritoneal viscera , nerve supply of the parietal and visceral layers.
Understand parietal VS visceral pain.
Basic understanding of the mouth. Describe and understand anatomy of the pharynx, its divisions (nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx) and swallowing.
Describe and understand the esophagus, its sphincters (upper and lower esophageal sphincters), innervations, blood supply with a focus on porto systemic anastomosis and esophageal varices.
Describe and identify the stomach, its curvature, muscles, parts (fundus, body, pyloric antrum), pyloric sphincter, blood supply, lymph drainage and nerve supply of the stomach.
Describe and understand the small bowel, its length and divisions: duodenum, parts (first, second, third and fourth), duodenal cap or bulb, openings into the duodenum, duodenojejunal junction, ligament of Treitz, blood and nerve supply and its lymph drainage.
Describe and understand the jejunum and ileum, their features, ileocecal junction and valve, blood and nerve supply and its lymph drainage.
Identify and describe the large bowel , its length and divisions: cecum, appendix, ascending and descending colon, transverse and sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal. Understand gross differences between large and small bowel. Blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage of the large bowel with a focus on porto systemic anastomosis at the anal canal.
Understand internal and external anal sphincters with puborectalis sling and mechanism of defecation.
Identify and understand right colic (hepatic) flexure , left colic (splenic) flexure , paracolic gutters, subphrenic spaces, and peritoneal pouches in the pelvis.
Identify the pancreas its divisions, ducts (major and minor duct), blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage.
Identify the liver, its lobes, ligaments. Its blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage.
Identify the gall bladder, its division and function, blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage .
Identify and understand the biliary tree (right and left hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, common bile duct), major and minor duodenal papilla, ampulla of Vater and sphincter of Oddi.
Understand the portal system, sites of porto systemic anastomosis, portal hypertension (pre, intra and post hepatic).

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