medportal CDB | Taxonomy | Curriculum Block / Part 3

Taxonomies

Curriculum Block

Part 3

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Child Tags

Medical Foundation 3

Professional Competencies 3

Activities

Newborn Screening (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3

Introduction to MF3 (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 1

Introduction to the Kidneys (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 1

Anatomy - Renal and Male Reproduction (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 1

GFR (glomerular filtration rate), Structure of the Nephron (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 2

RAAS, Sodium (Na) and Water (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 2

Renal Histology (Archived)
Clinical Pathology Conferences (CPC)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 4

Potassium (K) (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 2

Chronic Kidney Disease (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Acute Kidney Injury (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 3

Drug Use in Renal Dysfunction (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 4

David Tanaka MF3 Renal (Archived)
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Common Urological Problems (Archived)
Clinical Pathology Conferences (CPC)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 1

Shortness of Breath: renal, cardiac, respiratory
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Edema
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Male Reproductive System
Anatomy Demonstrations

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal / Week 2

Dermatology Theme and Introduction to Rashes (Archived)
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Integrated Pain and Opioid Curriculum Course 2 - Pathophysiology of Pain and Pharmacology of Opioids
e-Learning Module

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Clinical Consequences of X and Y Chromosome Abnormalities (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Maxwell Timbo MF3 Reproduction (Archived)
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Breast and Lymph Node Examination
Clinical Skills Practice Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Clinical Consequences of Chromosomal Abnormalitites: The Autosomes (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Male Genital Exam (using models)
Clinical Skills Practice Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Labour
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Introduction to Reproduction (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Mei Wang MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Shalini Mehta MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Manuel Pereira MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Susan Weiss MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Reproduction and Pregnancy
Anatomy Demonstrations

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Perineum and Pelvis, Male and Female genital organs and breast
Anatomy Lectures

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Adolescent History Practice Case - Behaviour Concerns
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

CisWoman's Sexual Health and Cervical Cancer Screening
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Early Pregnancy Management
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Mary Jane Morrison MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Gonadal Function and Fertilization (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian-Uterine Axis (HPOU) and Menstrual Cycle (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Rachel Kowalski MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Gynecological / Sexual History
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

GI-GU-Pelvic Imaging
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Skin Cancer and Common Dermatology Procedures
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Prenatal Diagnosis (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Rosemary and Tony MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

JoAnne Wright MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Samira Shah 1 MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Samira Shah 2 MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Obstetrical History: Practice Case – Intrapartum Care, Labour and Delivery Triage
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Savita Singh MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Parturition (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Placental and Perinatal Pathology (Archived)
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Li Chin and Baby Albini MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Post Menopausal Bleeding (Archived)
Clinical Pathology Conferences (CPC)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Self Care: Striving and Thriving, Not Merely Surviving
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 1

Communication Skills 3
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 2

Anti-Black Racism and Black Exclusion in Medicine
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 2

LGBTQ2S Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 3

Communication/EBM: Communicating Prognosis
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 4

Foundations of Resource Stewardship
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 4

Poverty and Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 5

Culture and Health: Newcomers to Canada
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 6

Introduction to Population Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 7

Using Evidence-Based Medicine at Point of Care Part 2
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 9

Ethical Issues in Reproductive Health Care
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 10

Research Ethics
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 11

Inter-professional Education and MF3 Assessment
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 12

Ask Me Anything: Concepts, Tools and Key Issues for Nutrition and Health
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Gastrointestinal Radiology
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Abdominal Exam
Clinical Skills Practice Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

All MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition tutorial problems
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Jane Deglutinato MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 1

Hannah Rosen Part 1 MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 1

Nick DeMarco MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 1

Gastrointestinal System Anatomy
Anatomy Lectures

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 1

Introduction and Overview of Abdominal Exam
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 1

Hepatobiliary system
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Ted Mitchell MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Mike Bayuk MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

James Cork MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Abdominal Exam Practice Case - Abdominal pain
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Autoimmunity
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Philip Cheung MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 3

Abdominal Exam Practice Case - Weight loss or diarrhea.
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 3

Gastrointestinal System Anatomy Part 2
Anatomy Lectures

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 3

John Franks MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 3

Lauren Bick MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

Amanda Porter MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

Vivian Patel MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

Abdominal Exam Practice Case - Jaundice/liver disease.
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

Endocrine System Anatomy
Anatomy Demonstrations

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Endocrine, Rectal Inguinal Exam
Clinical Skills Practice Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Endocrine System Anatomy
Anatomy Lectures

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Gastrointestinal System Anatomy Part 3
Anatomy Lectures

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

GI and Endocrine Ultrasound Imaging
Anatomy Demonstrations

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

GI and Thyroid Ultrasound
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Growth: Hormonal Considerations
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

All MF3 Endocrinology tutorial problems
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Overview of Endocrinology
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

Stephen Golding MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

Susanna Green Part 1 MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

Diabetes Exam: Practice Case – A Patient with Diabetes
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

Adam Pajek MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Emily Bradstone MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Calvin Shin MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Thyroid Exam Practice Case - Thyroid disease
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Pia Meta MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Running a Practice and the Costs Associated
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Michel Dupois MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Julian Knight MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Riley Walker MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Awat Khali MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Adrenal Exam Practice Case - Adrenocortical disorders
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Chantal Landry MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 4

Kate Smith MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 4

Newborn History Practice Case - Failure to thrive
Clinical Skills Sessions

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 4

Pit Parapan MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 4

Assessments

Medical Foundation 3
Mid-Unit Tutorial Assessment

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Personal Progress Index 2
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

MF 3 Clinical Skills
Mid-Unit Clinical Skills Assessment

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

MF3 Clinical Skills
End-Unit Clinical Skills Assessment

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Medical Foundation 3
End-Unit Tutorial Assessment

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

MF3 CAE 3
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

MF 3
PC Integrative Exercise

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 5

End of MF 3
PC Final Student Assessment

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 9

MF 3 Reflection
PC Reflective Physician Portfolio

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 9

MF 3 CAE 1
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

MF3 CAE 2
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 4

Objectives

By the end of the tutorial, the student should be able to describe the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy as well as discuss epidemiologic and management strategies.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

After completing the tutorial the student will expand on the material learned in the previous problem to be able to discuss the differences in renal manifestations of intrinsic causes of acute kidney injury in the context of autoimmune disease.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

In addition to building upon material learned in MFl and MF2, MF3 will serve as an introduction to new topics and concepts. The "subunits" of MF3 are organized in three blocks of four weeks (GI & Nutrition, Endocrinology and Reproduction). Other longitudinal core curricula including anatomy have important components covered in MF3 as well. New clinical skills will be introduced and students will also review, practise and perfect skills learned in MF1 and MF2. Special sessions have been organized to introduce the students to gynecology/obstetrics specific clinical skills.
Block Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Understand the gross anatomy of kidneys, ureter and bladder.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the microscopic structure of the nephron: the glomerulus and the renal tubule and its peritubular capillary.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the role of creatinine clearance in the estimation of GFR and be able to calculate GFR using the Cockcroft-Gault formula.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Define and understand the role of intravenous pyelography, isotope renography, retrograde pyelography, ultrasonography and angiography in the diagnosis of urinary tract disorder.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the mechanism by which a change in serum osmolality produces a corresponding change in ICF volume.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the mechanisms by which a change in the total amount of sodium in the body leads to a change in ECF volume.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the concept of anion gap and how it pertains to metabolic acidosis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Be able to calculate the anion gap and use this calculation to solve clinical problems.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Describe how the glomerulus functions as a physiologic barrier to the excretion of protein in the urine. Diabetic nephropathy is a common example of this type of process and the treatments used in diabetes to reduce proteinuria will help you to understand glomerular hemodynamics.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the endocrine functions of the kidney:
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Describe the relationship between arterial oxygen tension and release of erythropoietin.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the mechanism of action of ace inhibitor drugs and angiotensin receptor blocking drugs, how to use these drugs in patients with renal failure and the side effects of these agents.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Understand the nephrotoxic potential of some classes of therapeutic medications.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Blood pressure measurement using correct technique.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Assess JVP using correct technique.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Assess volume status.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Kidney examination: abdominal exam (bimanual examination, costophrenic angle tenderness, auscultation for bruits).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Bladder examination.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Rectal examination for the prostate.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

End organ damage from hypertension.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Secondary causes of hypertension.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Precordial exam.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Assessment of peripheral pulses and bruits.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Assess for evidence of cardiac failure.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Review of cardiac and respiratory exam.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Integration of cardiac, respiratory and renal exam and volume assessment into a general physical examination.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Basic CT and MRI anatomy of abdomen/pelvis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Plain abdomen.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Ultrasound.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Biochemistry profile- e.g., electrolytes (blood and body fluids).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

IVP (Intravenous Pyelogram).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Modalities for imaging of the urinary tract.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Which modality (for imaging of the urinary tract) to use and when?
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each modality (for imaging of the urinary tract)?
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Renal

Identify different physician remuneration models and analyze the benefits/drawbacks of each.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Compare OHIP based physician remuneration with private billing.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Identify the costs associated with working in a hospital as opposed to working in a clinic.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Summarize the potential benefits of a Medical Professional Corporation and its impact on Personal Financial Planning.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Explain the basic science of gametogenesis, conception and implantation of pregnancy.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the anatomy and histology, of the female and male reproductive system at different ages and stages of development.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the anatomic and physiologic changes surrounding the onset and cessation of reproductive function in the male and female.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the maternal-fetal unit as it pertains to normal pregnancy and be able to identify factors that influence this unit.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the initiation and propagation of normal labour and delivery.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis as it pertains to the normal menstrual cycle and identify the factors that influence this hormonal axis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the factors that influence fertility in both the males and females.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the role of prenatal diagnosis in pregnancy.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Conduct a reproductive history and complete a male and female reproductive examination.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the process of gametogenesis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the Hypothalamic / Pituitary / Ovarian / Uterine axis and how it influences the menstrual cycle.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Appreciate the effect of androgen on brain differentiation and understand the actions of testosterone on the androgen receptor.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the embryological development of normal fetal sexual differentiation and explain the possible mechanisms involved in the presentation of ambiguous genitalia.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Recognize the complexity of the utero-placental unit.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Compare and contrast the anatomy of the male and female reproductive tract.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the normal physiological adaptations to pregnancy.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Define a teratogen.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Compare and contrast warfarin and low molecular weight heparin to illustrate the effects of a teratogen on the developing fetus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the various modalities used in prenatal screening tests and in prenatal diagnostic tests and compare and contrast their sensitivity, specificity and their risks and benefits.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Discuss the ethical, moral and psychological implications of a positive prenatal screening test.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the factors that affect fetal growth and development.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the mechanisms of normal labour and the puerperium period.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the factors that effect immediate post-partum bleeding and the physiologic response to accommodate for hemorrhage in the mother.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the role of the health care provider in decreasing blood loss at delivery.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the anatomy of the female breast as related to lactation.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the physiology of normal lactation and the benefits of breastfeeding.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the transition from fetus to newborn.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the mechanism of thermoregulation in the newborn.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Compare and contrast the normal sexual response of the adult male and female.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the mechanism of conception and the factors that influence it.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the relevance of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in terms of its impact on endocrine, cardiovascular, cancer and fertility risks.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the normal menstrual cycle.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Define menopause and explain the physiological process that occurs from the transition of a reproductively capable woman to a menopausal woman.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the potential health risks for a menopausal woman.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Recognize the impact of menopause on quality of life.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to define metabolic syndrome and examine the consequences of insulin resistance including polycystic ovarian syndrome. Students will also be able to explain the effect of hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism on female sexual function.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to explain the mechanisms that regulate puberty and explain the etiology of precocious puberty.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the normal menstrual cycle and to identify factors that can disrupt normal female reproductive physiology.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to define infertility, to discuss its underlying causes and to describe a basic diagnostic approach to its evaluation. The student should be able to describe the psychological and sexual impacts of infertility.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will have developed an approach to the investigation of male infertility, will understand meiosis and will appreciate the difference between meiosis and mitosis.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the role of the X chromosome in ovarian function.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to explain the physiologic changes that occur during the menopause transition and list the causes of postmenopausal bleeding.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to define conception, normal and abnormal implantation and early pregnancy failure. Students will also review available options for contraception and their mechanisms of action and efficacy.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will recognize prenatal screening and diagnosis in reproduction.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should have explored teratogenicity in pregnancy using warfarin and low molecular weight heparin as examples.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to explain the mechanisms of labour and normal labour progression as well as describe the factors that affect normal labour.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the mechanisms of the third stage of labour and be able to discuss the factors that can lead to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

By the end of tutorial, the student will be able to recognize the significance of neonatal hypoglycemia and illustrate the principles surrounding newborn screening for metabolic disorders.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the process of lactation and discuss the advantages and barriers to breastfeeding. Students will also be able to explain how disruptions in the normal flora can lead to Candidal infection.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to discuss sexually transmitted infections.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Basic introduction to female pelvic exam (putting the patient at ease, explaining the nature of examination, draping, positioning and recognizing the sensitivity of the examination.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

How to take a gynecologic history.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Inspection and palpation using a model.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

How to take an obstetrical history.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Examination of a pregnant abdomen using a model, including: symphysis fundal height; Leopold manoeuvres; assessing fetal heart tones.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the testes, epididymis, spermatic cord and how the testis descend during fetal life with a basic understanding of the inguinal canal. Describe the layers which cover both the testes and the spermatic cord. Identify the content of the spermatic cord and understand the course of the vas deferens.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand blood supply, lymph drainage and innervation of the testis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand the descend of the testes and the formation of inguinal canal with a focus on direct and indirect inguinal hernia.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand the seminal vesicles, its duct and the ejaculatory duct.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify and understand the prostate, its lobes, blood supply, lymphatic drainage and innervation.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the penis (root, body, glans penis and prepuce or foreskin) corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum. Identify bulbouretheral glands (cowper's glands), blood supply lymphatic drainage and innervation of the penis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand mechanism of erection and ejaculation.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the ovary, its descent during fetal life and its blood supply, lymphatic drainage and innervation.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand the peritoneal folds in the pelvis with a focus on the rectovaginal (rectouterine) pouch (pouch of Douglas) and uterovesical pouch. Identify the broad ligament, round ligament of the ovary (ovarian ligament) and round ligament of the uterus. Identify the mesosalpinx, mesovarium and suspensory ligament of the ovary.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the fallopian tube (uterine tube) its parts (infundibulum, with its fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus and intramural or intrauterine part) and its function. Identify both abdominal and uterine ostium and understand how the peritoneal cavity is an open cavity in female and its role in pelvic inflammatory diseases. Understand how ectopic pregnancy can happen in the fallopian tube and in the peritoneal cavity.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the uterus, its parts (fundus, body and cervix), position (version and flexion), layers of the uterus, blood supply, lymphatic drainage and innervation of the uterus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand support of the uterus with a focus on pelvic floor muscles (pelvic diaphragm), transverse cervical (cardinal), pubocervical and sacrocervical(uterosacral) ligaments.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand the vagina, its fornices, layers, blood supply, nerve supply and lymphatic drainage.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Understand external genitalia in female with a focus on labia majora and minora, hymen, clitoris their innervation, blood supply and lymphatic drainage. Identify paraurethral glands (Skene glands) and Bartholin glands (greater vestibular glands).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Modalities available for imaging of the gynecologic structures.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Clinical application for each imaging modality of the gynecologic structures.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Advantages and disadvantages of each imaging modality of the gynecologic structures.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the mechanisms of action of methods by which conception and pregnancy can be prevented.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the course of normal pregnancy and common causes of deviation from this course.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Identify the normal structures seen on abdominal radiographs, with a focus on the GI tract.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain a step-wise approach to the interpretation of the abdominal radiograph.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Define and classify abnormal uterine bleeding.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Discuss the prevalence and the impact of abnormal uterine bleeding on women.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the pathogenesis of abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescent, reproductive age and postmenopausal women.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Outline the approach to the investigation and treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding in non-pregnant women of reproductive age.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Outline intrapartum management of spontaneous labour.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Discuss operative vaginal birth in the management of the second stage of labour.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

List and discuss indications for caesarean section.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Describe the process of fetal health surveillance in labour.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the management of pregnancy after 41 weeks’ gestation.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Outline the appearance of the normal structures of the female reproductive system on CT and ultrasound.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

Discuss the appropriateness of various imaging modalities in the work-up of common clinical presentations involving the abdominal and pelvic structures.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

To practice nutrition in medicine, it is essential to have a basic understanding of the biochemistry, physiology and pathophysiology of nutrients, the derivation and sources of recommended daily nutrient intakes (called Dietary Reference Intakes in Canada and the USA) and approaches to nutritional assessment. Many nutrients may have adverse effects if overconsumed – thus “more is not always better” - so there recommended upper intake levels of some nutrients have been set to prevent adverse health effects. The recommended ranges of intakes of essential nutrients are part of the Dietary Reference Intakes.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

By the end of the gastrointestinal and nutrition subunit you should have covered the following areas and be able to perform the tasks outlined in this list:
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the enteral digestion, absorption and metabolism of macronutrients and micronutrients.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the steps of digestion and absorption and roles of the key organs of the alimentary tract in these processes.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the structure and function of the hepatobiliary system.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe an approach to assessment, investigation and management of patients with disorders of the hepatobiliary system.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explain how the gastrointestinal mucosa functions as a barrier to the outside world of healthy microbes and pathogens.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe factors that play a significant role in maintaining gastrointestinal mucosa integrity.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explain how disruption in any of these factors are significant in the development of many diseases including peptic ulcer disease, celiac disease, infectious and inflammatory bowel diseases in addition to potential roles in diabetes or other autoimmune diseases.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the mechanism of swallowing and function of the stomach in digestion.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should have an understanding of fat, carbohydrate and protein requirements as well as the processes of digestion, absorption and metabolism of these macronutrients. The relationship between diet and growth and development in early childhood should be summarized.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this case, students will be able to describe the normal structure and function of the liver, as well as changes to structure and function present in pathological states.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the approach to a patient presenting with acute abdominal pain, describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the pancreas and examine the pathophysiology of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the physiology of the small intestine and discuss the pathophysiology of malabsorption.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students will demonstrate an understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of gastric acid secretion. The factors that support and disrupt gastroduodenal mucosal integrity should be identified and explained.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the anatomy and physiology of the biliary system and outline the pathophysiology of stone formation in various organs.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to outline the anatomic structure and function of the colon (large intestine). Students will also be able to discuss the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis and the public health approaches to its control.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the nutrient-based dietary standard for Canada and the USA known as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explain the application of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) in clinical practice, become aware of age-specific nutrient recommendations including the tolerable upper limit (TUL), acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR), and understand where these may be modified during growth, and special physiological states such as infancy, adolescence and high intensity exercise.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe an approach to determining nutritional status. This should include assessment of growth, body composition and biochemical measures of nutritional adequacy.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Use reference standards for growth to assess over and under nutrition based on percentile for weight, height and body mass index (BMI).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the role of diet in the pathophysiology of disease and the therapeutic benefits of specific nutrients and dietary practices.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explore the role and safety of dietary supplements, and the application and regulation of health claims on food and supplement labels in relation to specific diseases.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Understand surface anatomy of the abdomen and important landmarks.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe and identify peritoneum (parietal and visceral layer), its reflection, omentum, ligaments and mesentery, greater and lesser sacs, intra peritoneal and retro peritoneal viscera , nerve supply of the parietal and visceral layers.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Understand parietal VS visceral pain.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Basic understanding of the mouth. Describe and understand anatomy of the pharynx, its divisions (nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx) and swallowing.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe and understand the esophagus, its sphincters (upper and lower esophageal sphincters), innervations, blood supply with a focus on porto systemic anastomosis and esophageal varices.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe and identify the stomach, its curvature, muscles, parts (fundus, body, pyloric antrum), pyloric sphincter, blood supply, lymph drainage and nerve supply of the stomach.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe and understand the small bowel, its length and divisions: duodenum, parts (first, second, third and fourth), duodenal cap or bulb, openings into the duodenum, duodenojejunal junction, ligament of Treitz, blood and nerve supply and its lymph drainage.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe and understand the jejunum and ileum, their features, ileocecal junction and valve, blood and nerve supply and its lymph drainage.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Identify and describe the large bowel , its length and divisions: cecum, appendix, ascending and descending colon, transverse and sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal. Understand gross differences between large and small bowel. Blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage of the large bowel with a focus on porto systemic anastomosis at the anal canal.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Understand internal and external anal sphincters with puborectalis sling and mechanism of defecation.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Identify and understand right colic (hepatic) flexure , left colic (splenic) flexure , paracolic gutters, subphrenic spaces, and peritoneal pouches in the pelvis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Identify the pancreas its divisions, ducts (major and minor duct), blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Identify the liver, its lobes, ligaments. Its blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Identify the gall bladder, its division and function, blood, nerve supply and lymph drainage .
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Identify and understand the biliary tree (right and left hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, common bile duct), major and minor duodenal papilla, ampulla of Vater and sphincter of Oddi.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Understand the portal system, sites of porto systemic anastomosis, portal hypertension (pre, intra and post hepatic).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

The Gastroenterology concepts include the physiology and pathophysiology of digestion, absorption and metabolism of macronutrients and micronutrients, the structure and function of the hepatobiliary system, gastrointestinal tract integrity and gastrointestinal autoimmunity. Additionally, these concepts provide an introduction to understanding the common disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system. During this Foundation you will develop an understanding of the important elements of the structure and functional relationships in the gastrointestinal tract. By the end of the Foundation, you should have an understanding of the significance of the cardinal manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the pathophysiology and consequences of chronic inflammation in the bowel, including the pathogenesis of short bowel syndrome in patients with Crohn’s disease.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the role of the microbiome in normal digestive physiology and pathology.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the role of foods and nutrients in the prevention and management of chronic disease, with a focus on type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and some cancers.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explain the structure, function and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe normal gastrointestinal anatomy.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe normal gastrointestinal histology.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Elicit the relevant history for gastrointestinal disease.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Conduct a physical examination appropriate to the clinical problem presented.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Choose and then analyze laboratory tests which would permit you to investigate systematically each of your hypotheses.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

During the past decade, rapid expansion in a number of relevant scientific fields and, in particular, in the amount of population-based epidemiological evidence has helped to clarify the role of diet in preventing and controlling morbidity and premature mortality resulting from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Dietary practices likely play a major role in 7/10 top causes of disease and death including: heart disease, obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis and certain cancers. The mechanisms of the chronic disease process are clearer, and interventions have been demonstrated to reduce risk. In MF3, the overall objective is to learn normal nutrition and metabolism and to begin to understand the role of diet and specific nutrients and bioactive components of foods in disease prevention and treatment, and some of the major research that underlies dietary recommendations.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the secretory and excretory functions of the hepatobiliary system.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Describe measures of liver synthetic function.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Discuss examples of hepatobiliary disease.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Describe the role of the liver in the control of energy storage and metabolism.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Discuss the concept of autoimmunity, the role of the thymus in its development and its role in various disease states.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

List the cells that mediate autoimmune conditions.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Describe the roles of the innate and adaptive immune systems as well as the mucosal immune system in the pathogenesis of Celiac disease.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Explain the roles of B- and T-cells in the development of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and the different theories regarding mechanisms of thyroid injury in this context.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

List the autoantigens associated with T1DM.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Outline the contribution of the cellular immune system in the pathogenesis of T1DM.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

List autoimmune diseases commonly associated with T1DM.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Homeostasis is the steady-state internal metabolic equilibrium the body requires to function optimally. Hormones are the chemical messengers through which body systems are controlled and integrated. Endocrinology encompasses all the hormonal regulatory mechanisms that are used to achieve and maintain homeostasis. Several different endocrine glands will be studied in turn with respect to their control mechanisms, secretory hormonal products and the effects of the hormones produced. It is important to realize, however, that the function of any one gland is affected by the others. By the end of this subunit, you will gain an understanding of the role of hormones and hormone systems in maintaining homeostasis as well as the pathology that can result from hormonal dysfunction or disease.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Examine the anatomic and functional relationship between the pituitary and hypothalamus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

List the hormones produced by the pituitary and explain their effects on body function.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the most common pathologies associated with pituitary hormone systems including acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the anatomy, histology and basic embryology of the thyroid gland.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Outline the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones, the types of thyroid hormone and the feedback loops governing interactions between the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the physiological function of thyroid hormone, including its effects on basal metabolic rate.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the treatment of thyroid disease.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the laboratory abnormalities and clinical manifestations seen in thyroid dysfunction.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Outline the structure and function of the adrenal gland.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Summarize the clinical manifestations of excess or inadequate production of adrenal hormones, especially with respect to glucocorticoids and catecholamines.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify the diurnal pattern of adrenal cortex secretion, as well as the effect of stress on adrenal function.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe Cushing Syndrome, its causes and its manifestations.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the interplay among the major systems involved in maintaining calcium homeostasis including the parathyroid glands, the kidneys, the digestive system and the bony skeleton.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify the role of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Define osteoporosis and list secondary causes for this condition.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the structure and function of the endocrine pancreas, the role of glucose as a fuel, and the physiology of plasma glucose regulation, insulin synthesis and release.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the classification, epidemiology, diagnosis and pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

List and describe treatment options for diabetes mellitus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the embryology and physiology of sexual differentiation and explain the possible mechanisms involved in the presentation of ambiguous genitalia.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the effect of 21-hydroxylase deficiency on adrenal pathways and apply it to an infant presenting with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the impact of mutations of the androgen receptor on sexual phenotype.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students are expected to describe the key developmental milestones of the peri-pubertal stage and the nutritional requirements of the adolescent and the impact of extreme lifestyle behaviours on growth and nutritional health of adolescents. Students will describe common presentations of eating disorders.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the role of insulin in lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism in normal homeostasis and and appreciate the consequences of the pathophysiological condition of absolute insulin deficiency.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will explain how a genetic defect can disturb normal lipoprotein metabolism and increase risk of cardiovascular disease.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will describe the role of thyroid hormones in energy metabolism.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the regulation and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will identify genetic and environmental risk factors for childhood obesity and discuss prevention and treatment strategies at the individual and population level.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will outline the key hormones and organs or tissues involved in calcium homeostasis, as well as the causes and consequences of hypercalcemia. Students will also be able to describe the histological structure of bone, the physiology of bone formation and remodeling and the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe normal pituitary structure and function and compare with the pathologic state of growth hormone excess.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the production of steroid hormones and to interpret the implications of steroidogenic enzyme deficiencies on embryologic development and postnatal health. Students will also have reviewed the inheritance of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, discussed related genetic counselling, and considered a patient-centered approach to caring for intersex patients.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to discuss the actions of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone on embryological development and sexual differentiation.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Understand surface anatomy of the thyroid gland, its lobes and isthmus, location, blood supply (superior, inferior and thyroidi ima arteries) (superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins) and its relation to recurrent laryngeal and superior laryngeal nerves.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify the parathyroid gland, its number, location, relation to the thyroid gland and its blood supply.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify and understand the adrenals, its location, divisions (cortex and medulla), blood supply and innervations.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify the pituitary, its divisions, location (sella turcica), and relation to cranial nerves (optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal and abducent nerves).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify what constitutes a hormone and the different types of hormonal signaling (endocrine, paracrine, autocrine).
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Provide an overview of the major endocrine glands and hormone products including the role of each hormone in homeostasis and metabolism.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the mode of action of peptide hormones and compare this type of hormone action to that of thyroid hormone and sex steroid hormones.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as discuss its epidemiology and management strategies.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the anatomy and physiology of the adrenal gland. Students will be able to summarize the physiological role of catecholamines and the consequences of catecholamine excess.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to outline the hormonal abnormalities involved in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN 1) and review the genetics of proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe hormones, their structure, and their role in homeostasis.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the relationship between hormones and their receptors.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the physiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, investigation and treatment of conditions related to the following endocrine glands or conditions: Diabetes mellitus; Pituitary; Thyroid; Adrenal; Parathyroid.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the analysis of laboratory data in the context of various endocrine disease.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the interplay between nutrition and endocrine disease.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the role of insulin in energy metabolism.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Explain the pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and its management.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Recognize the pituitary as the central control gland of the body.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the control of each of the hormones produced by the adrenal gland.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the anatomy and physiology of the parathyroid glands.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the histology of bone and the hormonal regulation of its cellular components.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the different factors that affect prenatal and postnatal growth in children.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Discuss how endocrine disorders lead to abnormal growth in children.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Outline an approach to short stature in children including history, physical examination and basic investigations.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Provide a differential diagnosis of short stature.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Discuss the purpose of the endocrine system and how it relates to the concept of homeostasis.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

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