Neil Wartson is a 4-year-old boy who is being seen by his family doctor for right-sided hearing loss. According to his mother, his hearing was fine at birth (based on the initial screening tests performed), but seems to have slowly worsened on the left over time. He began complaining of “ringing” in his right ear approximately 6 months ago. It was initially intermittent, but seems to have become more constant over time. He is also reported to have difficulty responding when spoken to on the right side. He is otherwise well and developmentally normal. There is a family history of bilateral hearing impairment in Neil’s father. This has not previously been investigated. On examination, Neil is found to have reduced hearing to whispered words on the right. Rinne and Weber’s tests support sensorineural hearing loss on the right. The family doctor orders formal audiology testing and a sedated MRI. She also suggests that it might be helpful for Neil’s father to be assessed for his hearing loss.