medportal CDB | Taxonomy | McMaster Program Competencies / 2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations

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McMaster Program Competencies

2.4 Apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resource allocation, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations

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Activities

Intro to Radiology
Active Large Group Session

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Respirology / Week 2

Clinical Pharmacology
Active Large Group Session

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology / Week 2

Novak B Part 1 MF1 Cardiovascular
Tutorial

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology / Week 3

Food Security
Active Large Group Session

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine / Week 2

Code Red
Active Large Group Session

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine / Week 3

Concepts of Evidence Based Medicine for UGME
Active Large Group Session

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine / Week 3

Eva Foster MF2 Hematology
Tutorial

Part 2 / Medical Foundation 2 / Hematology / Week 3

Introduction to Evidence Based Medicine at Point of Care: Part 1
PC Session

Part 2 / Professional Competencies 2 / Week 1

Epistemology
PC Session

Part 2 / Professional Competencies 2 / Week 2

Shalini Mehta MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 1

Mary Jane Morrison MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 2

JoAnne Wright MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Samira Shah 2 MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 3

Savita Singh MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Li Chin and Baby Albini MF3 Reproduction
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

Planetary Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 1

Introduction to Population Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 5

Using Evidence-Based Medicine at Point of Care Part 2
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 6

LGBTQ2S Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 7

Poverty and Health
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 8

Culture and Health: Newcomers to Canada
PC Session

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 11

Ask Me Anything: Concepts, Tools and Key Issues for Nutrition and Health
Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Hannah Rosen Part 1 MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 1

Ted Mitchell MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Mike Bayuk MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

James Cork MF3 Gastroenterology and Nutrition
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Autoimmunity
Active Large Group Session

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Lauren Bick MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

Amanda Porter MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

Stephen Golding MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

Susanna Green Part 1 MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 1

Adam Pajek MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Calvin Shin MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 2

Michel Dupois MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Julian Knight MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Riley Walker MF3 Endocrinology
Tutorial

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 3

Substance Use Disorders
Active Large Group Session

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Introduction to Psychiatry
Active Large Group Session

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour / Week 1

Beau Chandler MF4 Brain and Behaviour
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour / Week 3

Malcolm Lowry MF4 Brain and Behaviour
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour / Week 3

Mike Chiasson MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 1

Ann Green MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 2

Diane Bainbridge MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 2

Amy Field MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 2

Richard Strang MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 3

Joseph Collins MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 3

Cindy Edsworth MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 3

Joan Spaulding MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 3

Jake Gamble MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 4

Fred Newman MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 4

Theodore McIntyre MF4 MSK
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 4

Neil Wartson (Part 2) MF4 Neuro
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience / Week 1

David Beatty MF4 Neurology
Tutorial

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience / Week 2

Health Inequities: Early Childhood Development
PC Session

Part 4 / Professional Competencies 4 / Week 1

Foundations of Resource Stewardship
PC Session

Part 4 / Professional Competencies 4 / Week 12

Arielle D
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation

Ethel MacConkey IF Host Defence and Neoplasia
Tutorial

Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia / Week 1

P.J. Peters (Part 1) IF Host Defence and Neoplasia
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia / Week 2

Grace Tran IF Host Defence and Neoplasia
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia / Week 3

Occupational Medicine
Active Large Group Session

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia / Week 4

Caring for an Aging Population
PC Session

Part 5 / Professional Competencies IF / Week 9

Claire McFadden Part 1 IF Maternal and Child Health Risks
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care / Week 1

McFadden Family IF Maternal and Child Health Risks
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care / Week 1

Adrian Scholtz Part 2
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care / Week 4

Henry Baker IF Chronicity and Complexity
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity / Week 1

Susanna Green Part 2 IF Chronicity and Complexity
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity / Week 3

Myles Downie IF Chronicity and Complexity
Tutorial

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity / Week 4

Patient History
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Examination
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Pain Management
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Anesthetic Practice
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Pharmacology
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Airway Management
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Oxygenation
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Ventilation
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Volume and Circulatory Management
Tutorial

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Pain Management
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Anesthetic Practice
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

General Anesthesia
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Pharmacology
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Airway Management
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Ventilation
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Volume and Circulatory Management
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Anesthesia Clerkship
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Family Medicine Pediatric Case
e-Learning Module

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Clinical Clerk Internal Medicine Tutorials
Tutorial

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Internal Medicine Clinical Exposure
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Domestic Violence and Female Adult Sexual Assault
Large Group Session

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation (Hospital)
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation (Ambulatory)
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

Psychosis Disorders
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Bipolar Disorders
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Anxiety Disorders
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Addiction/Substance Abuse Disorder
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Geriatric Psychiatry
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Personality Disorder
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Eating Disorders and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Tutorial

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Introduction to Psychotherapy
e-Learning Module

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Depression
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Developmental Disabilities and Dual Diagnosis
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Trauma and Addictions
Tutorial

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Geriatric and Medical Psychiatry
Tutorial

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Somatizing
Clerkship Teaching Session

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Psychiatry Clerkship
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Psychiatric Emergency Service
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Inguinal/Scrotal complaints
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

Orthopedic Surgery Clerkship
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Orthopedic LGS 1
Large Group Session

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Orthopedic Surgery
Grand Rounds (Clerkship)

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Orthopedic LGS 2
Large Group Session

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Medical Subspecialty Selectives
Clinical Exposure

Clerkship / Medical Subspecialty Selective

Medical Subspecialty Selectives
Tutorial

Clerkship / Medical Subspecialty Selective

Psychotherapy
Tutorial

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation / Transition to Residency

Assessments

Personal Progress Index 1
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1

MF1 CAE 3
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology / Week 4

MF1 CAE 2
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Respirology / Week 4

End of MF 1
PC Integrative Exercise

Part 1 / Professional Competencies 1

MF1 CAE 1
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine / Week 3

MF2 CAE 1
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 2 / Medical Foundation 2 / Renal / Week 3

MF2 CAE 2
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 2 / Medical Foundation 2 / Hematology / Week 5

MF 2 Reflection
PC Reflective Physician Portfolio

Part 2 / Professional Competencies 2

Medical Foundation 3
Mid-Unit Tutorial Assessment

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

Personal Progress Index 2
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3

MF3 CAE 3
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy / Week 4

MF 3
PC Integrative Exercise

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 5

MF 3 Reflection
PC Reflective Physician Portfolio

Part 3 / Professional Competencies 3 / Week 9

MF 3 CAE 1
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 4

MF3 CAE 2
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology / Week 4

OSCE #1
Objectives Structured Clinical Examination

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4

MF4 MSK CAE
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine / Week 4

Neurology Week 1
Mini Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience / Week 1

Neurology Week 2
Mini Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience / Week 2

Neurology Week 3
Mini Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience / Week 3

Neurology Week 4
Mini Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience / Week 4

Integration Foundation (IF)
PC Integrative Exercise

Part 4 / Professional Competencies 4 / Week 7

IF Reflection
PC Reflective Physician Portfolio

Part 4 / Professional Competencies 4 / Week 12

OSCE #2
Objectives Structured Clinical Examination

Part 5 / Integration Foundation

Personal Progress Index 4
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Part 5 / Integration Foundation

Personal Progress Index 3
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Part 5 / Integration Foundation

IF CAE 1
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia / Week 4

MF 4 Reflection
PC Reflective Physician Portfolio

Part 5 / Professional Competencies IF / Week 9

IF CAE 3
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care / Week 3

IF CAE 2
Concept Application Exercise (CAE)

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity / Week 4

Personal Progress Index 5
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Clerkship

Personal Progress Index 6
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Clerkship

Personal Progress Index 7
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Clerkship

Personal Progress Index 8
Personal Progress Index (PPI)

Clerkship

Anesthesia Clerkship
Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Anesthesia Rotation
Clerkship Tutorial Evaluation

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Anesthesia Clerkship Daily Evaluation
Preceptor Evaluation

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

EM Medical Expert (presenting problem)
Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Emergency Medicine Daily Evaluation
Preceptor Evaluation

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

EM Medical Expert (technical skills interpretation)
Clerkship Multiple Choice Question Exam

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Care of Children
e-Learning Module Completion

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Family Medicine Clerkship
Clerkship Key Feature Exam

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Family Medicine Clerkship
Final Rotation Assessment

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Internal Medicine Tutorials
Clerkship Tutorial Evaluation

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Internal Medicine
NBME Exam (National Board of Medical Examiners)

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Obstetrics and Gynecology
NBME Exam (National Board of Medical Examiners)

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

Educate patients on disease management, health promotion and preventive medicine
Direct Observation Tool

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

Psychiatry Clerkship Clinical Placement
Preceptor Evaluation

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Psychiatric Emergency Service
Preceptor Evaluation

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Medical Subspecialty Selectives
Final Rotation Assessment

Clerkship / Medical Subspecialty Selective

OSCE #3
Objectives Structured Clinical Examination

Post-clerkship / Concept Integration and Review / Week 6

Objectives

Recognize the importance of occupational exposures leading to respiratory disease.
General Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Respirology

Develop an approach to management of respiratory diseases: medications (including oxygen), behavioural modifications and population measures for prevention.
General Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Respirology

Recognize the factors that promote coronary atherosclerosis ("risk factors").
General Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology

Develop a mechanism-based approach to the management of coronary artery disease.
General Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology

Explain the concept of secondary prevention as it pertains to coronary artery disease.
General Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and its relationship to cardiovascular disease.
Global Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology

Develop a mechanism-based approach to management of cardiovascular diseases: medications, behavioural modifications and population measures for prevention.
General Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Cardiology

Analyze food access as a determinant of health using geo-spatial and epidemiological methods to see if disparities exist across our distributed sites.
Activity Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine

Understand the interactions between income, access, nutritional status and knowledge by exploring case-based patient scenarios.
Activity Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine

Describe the steps in generating a research question that addresses equipoise and a gap in the scientific literature.
Activity Objectives

Part 1 / Medical Foundation 1 / Introduction to Medicine

Explain the pathological consequences of hypertension on the brain, heart and kidneys.
General Objectives

Part 2 / Medical Foundation 2 / Renal

Explain the mechanisms responsible for essential and secondary hypertension.
General Objectives

Part 2 / Medical Foundation 2 / Renal

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe coagulation and mechanisms of thrombosis.
Global Objectives

Part 2 / Medical Foundation 2 / Hematology

Explain the various modalities used in prenatal screening tests and in prenatal diagnostic tests and compare and contrast their sensitivity, specificity and their risks and benefits.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Explain the potential health risks for a menopausal woman.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to define metabolic syndrome and examine the consequences of insulin resistance including polycystic ovarian syndrome. Students will also be able to explain the effect of hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism on female sexual function.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to define infertility, to discuss its underlying causes and to describe a basic diagnostic approach to its evaluation. The student should be able to describe the psychological and sexual impacts of infertility.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should have explored teratogenicity in pregnancy using warfarin and low molecular weight heparin as examples.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the mechanisms of the third stage of labour and be able to discuss the factors that can lead to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the process of lactation and discuss the advantages and barriers to breastfeeding. Students will also be able to explain how disruptions in the normal flora can lead to Candidal infection.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to discuss sexually transmitted infections.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Discuss the prevalence and the impact of abnormal uterine bleeding on women.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Reproduction and Pregnancy

Upon completion of this problem, students should have an understanding of fat, carbohydrate and protein requirements as well as the processes of digestion, absorption and metabolism of these macronutrients. The relationship between diet and growth and development in early childhood should be summarized.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this case, students will be able to describe the normal structure and function of the liver, as well as changes to structure and function present in pathological states.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the approach to a patient presenting with acute abdominal pain, describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the pancreas and examine the pathophysiology of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the physiology of the small intestine and discuss the pathophysiology of malabsorption.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to outline the anatomic structure and function of the colon (large intestine). Students will also be able to discuss the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis and the public health approaches to its control.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explain the application of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) in clinical practice, become aware of age-specific nutrient recommendations including the tolerable upper limit (TUL), acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR), and understand where these may be modified during growth, and special physiological states such as infancy, adolescence and high intensity exercise.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Use reference standards for growth to assess over and under nutrition based on percentile for weight, height and body mass index (BMI).
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the role of diet in the pathophysiology of disease and the therapeutic benefits of specific nutrients and dietary practices.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Explore the role and safety of dietary supplements, and the application and regulation of health claims on food and supplement labels in relation to specific diseases.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Describe the role of foods and nutrients in the prevention and management of chronic disease, with a focus on type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and some cancers.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition

List autoimmune diseases commonly associated with T1DM.
Activity Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Week 2

Explain the classification, epidemiology, diagnosis and pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students are expected to describe the key developmental milestones of the peri-pubertal stage and the nutritional requirements of the adolescent and the impact of extreme lifestyle behaviours on growth and nutritional health of adolescents. Students will describe common presentations of eating disorders.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the role of insulin in lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism in normal homeostasis and and appreciate the consequences of the pathophysiological condition of absolute insulin deficiency.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will explain how a genetic defect can disturb normal lipoprotein metabolism and increase risk of cardiovascular disease.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will describe the role of thyroid hormones in energy metabolism.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will identify genetic and environmental risk factors for childhood obesity and discuss prevention and treatment strategies at the individual and population level.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will outline the key hormones and organs or tissues involved in calcium homeostasis, as well as the causes and consequences of hypercalcemia. Students will also be able to describe the histological structure of bone, the physiology of bone formation and remodeling and the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe normal pituitary structure and function and compare with the pathologic state of growth hormone excess.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe the production of steroid hormones and to interpret the implications of steroidogenic enzyme deficiencies on embryologic development and postnatal health. Students will also have reviewed the inheritance of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, discussed related genetic counselling, and considered a patient-centered approach to caring for intersex patients.
Global Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Describe the physiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, investigation and treatment of conditions related to the following endocrine glands or conditions: Diabetes mellitus; Pituitary; Thyroid; Adrenal; Parathyroid.
General Objectives

Part 3 / Medical Foundation 3 / Endocrinology

Identify etiological factors relevant to the understanding of individual cases including consideration of the following:
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the concept and importance of normal parent-child attachment.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Theme 3: The relevance of past/early experiences to mental health and illness and development
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Upon completion of this problem, students should understand the medical and social consequences of alcohol-related disorders including alcohol use disorder, alcohol intoxication, alcohol withdrawal, other alcohol-induced disorders and unspecified alcohol-related disorder (DSM-5), the neurological underpinnings of substance use disorders and the identification and treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Compare and contrast the features of psychosis and delirium.
Activity Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Identify etiological factors relevant to psychosis and delirium.
Activity Objectives

Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Describe the biology of psychosis.
Activity Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Describe the determinants of health in psychotic disorders.
Activity Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Compare the epidemiology of mental disorders to other medical conditions and recognize the impact on disability and quality of life across the lifespan.
Activity Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Compare and contrast psychiatry with other clinical disciplines with respect to diagnosis and etiology.
Activity Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Brain and Behaviour

Discuss degenerative musculoskeletal diseases.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Discuss bone’s role in homeostasis in conjunction with other organ systems.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Describe concepts of bone quantity and bone quality and how these are measured.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Describe common metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and its important societal implications.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Describe less common metabolic bone diseases which help one learn about normal bone.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Describe how the immune system is closely tied in with many disease entities affecting the musculoskeletal system. Central concepts include inflammation, the adaptive and innate immunities and Th1 and Th2 factors.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Describe the scope and multi-system nature of many autoimmune musculoskeletal diseases.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Identify diagnostic tests and measurement tools classically used to evaluate inflammatory disease.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to explain shoulder biomechanics and the etiology of chronic tendon disorders. They should explore how to individualize a treatment plan.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the structure and function of joints and extra-articular soft tissues and the natural history and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will understand vitamin D physiology, consequences of deficiency, and osteomalacia.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe an approach to osteoporosis.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe a basic approach to low back pain and identify its common causes and its investigation and management.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to explain the difference between inflammatory and mechanical back pain, and will have explored ankylosing spondylitis as the prototypical inflammatory spine disease.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this case, students will be able to describe Giant Cell Arteritis as one type of vasculitis.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this case, students will be able to describe gout.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be familiar with reactive arthritis and recognize that environmental and genetic factors have a significant role in the pathophysiology of rheumatic diseases.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe systemic lupus erythematosus.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Upon completion of this problem, students will be able to describe the diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis and will have an approach to extra-articular manifestations.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Musculoskeletal Medicine

Recognize the major milestones for gross motor development.
General Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to describe normal muscle function.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able to recognize the basic anatomy and function of some of the structures of the brainstem.
Global Objectives

Part 4 / Medical Foundation 4 / Neuroscience

Appraise, incorporate principles of resource stewardship to, and apply acquired knowledge into medical decision-making.
General Objectives

Professional Competencies 3 / Professional Competencies 4

Apply principles of evidence-based and evidence-informed medicine in medical decision-making.
General Objectives

Professional Competencies 3 / Professional Competencies 4

Upon completion of this problem, the student should be able to describe how tobacco and radiation exposure can result in carcinogenesis. Students should be able to describe the value of identifying occupational exposures to carcinogens at the individual, workplace, and community levels.
Global Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia

Describe the role of infection control in preventing the acquisition and spread of infectious diseases.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia

Describe epidemiology principles that underlie public health interventions in pandemic planning.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Host Defense and Neoplasia

Upon completion of this problem, students should be able explain the causes and management of preterm labour. Students should be able to describe the social and health impacts of teen pregnancy for teen parents and their children.
Global Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Explain the principles surrounding newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Identify and describe the risks of intimate partner violence, and the obligations of the healthcare team in assessment and management of a family at risk.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Identify some of the main risks for child maltreatment and explain when to involve child protection professionals.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Explain the impact of adverse childhood experiences on lifelong health and opportunity and discuss strategies to mitigate the impact of such adverse experiences.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Describe the significance and frequency of caregiver fatigue, and strategies employed to address it.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Explain the legal obligations of physicians to report concerns regarding driving safety, with a focus on the importance of cognition.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Explain how the concept of frailty impacts decision-making, goals of care, and care recommendations in older adults.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Describe protective factors and coping strategies which enable older adults to thrive despite complexity and multi-morbidity.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care

Acknowledge an event, experience, or reflection of the presence of the Hidden Curriculum in a clinical elective rotation.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Maternal Health Risks/Aging-Related Care / Week 4

Upon completion of this problem, the student should be able to describe chronic pain in a biopsychosocial framework which recognizes nociceptive, neuropathic, cognitive-perceptual, brain and behaviour and socio-environmental factors.
Global Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity

Describe the prevalence of chronic disease in Canada and factors which contribute to it.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity

Describe diagnosis and treatment considerations for common chronic diseases.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity

Recognize how an interdisciplinary team can help manage a patient with complex chronic disease.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity

Identify a patient centered approach to care for individuals with chronic illnesses.
General Objectives

Part 5 / Integration Foundation / Complexity and Chronicity

Explain the presentation and management of malignant hyperthermia as an example of the hypermetabolic state
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Explain the presentation and management of pseudocholinesterase (plasma cholinesterase) deficiency as an example of a pharmacogenetic disease.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

List the types of patients who are at highest risk of aspiration. Explain how we prevent aspiration and describe how aspiration is treated.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Anesthesia Rotation

Chest pain
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Shortness of breath
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Abdominal pain
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Headache
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Abnormal behavior (psychosis, delirium, intoxication, violence).
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Minor trauma / MSK injuries (including fracture / dislocation/ sprain). Explain the ABCDE approach to major and minor trauma, identify resuscitative priorities and recognize injuries which require acute management.
Clerkship Objectives

Emergency Medicine Rotation

Dizziness / vertigo
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Poisoning
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Shock - Recognize shock and predict underlying etiology (distributive, cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive).
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Anaphylaxis / severe allergic reaction
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Altered level of consciousness - including the recognition and management of acute stroke
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Seizure
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Cardiorespiratory arrest
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Head injury - minor
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Fever
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Cardiac dysrhythmias. Synthesize ACLS (Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support) algorithms, recognize unstable ACLS states and use ACLS algorithms to guide treatment.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Vaginal bleeding - pregnant
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Burns - minor / major
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Urinary symptoms
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Neck and back pain
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Eye pain (including red eye)
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Emergency Medicine Rotation

Preventative health care male
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Preventative health care female
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Well baby / Well child
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

An understanding of the broad scope of family medicine
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Gain skills and experience in meeting patients’ needs for prevention, problem identification and management, and complex disease management through episodic care of patients and their families in the community practice setting.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Assess for risk of iatrogenic complications (including increased risk among the elderly).
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Participate in a care plan discussion with a patient understanding the role of shared-decision making.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Consider the concepts of resource stewardship and high value care in making treatment decisions.
Clerkship Objectives

Internal Medicine Rotation

Identify information resources for selecting diagnostic investigations for patients with common and uncommon medical problems.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Understand responsibility associated with treatment strategies: cost, ensuring the patient understands and is able to adhere to the treatment plan.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Adjust therapeutic plans appropriately when required (i.e., when new diagnostic information is available; when there is a change in patient preference or goals of care).
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Understand the symptoms sometimes seen during end-of-life care and the basic principles of their management (e.g., pain, dyspnea, nausea and vomiting, anorexia, fatigue, depression, delirium, constipation).
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

To describe and perform normal prenatal care for an uncomplicated pregnancy.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To formulate management plans for major obstetrical and gynaecological problems.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To develop the skills to perform an appropriate sexual health history procedures.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To construct differential diagnoses and management plans (for gynaecologic problems presenting to the emergency room).
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To formulate a post-operative management plan.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To recognize the principles and practice of prenatal diagnosis.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To describe the approach to the management of patients presenting with a history of domestic violence.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

To recognize how age, race, culture and socioeconomic status impact on obstetric and Gynaecologic health.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotation

Engage in advocacy, health promotion and disease prevention with patients and families including: mental health, child maltreatment, healthy active living, safety, and early literacy support.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Pediatrics Rotation

Psychotic Disorders
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Mood Disorders (including in post-partum, seasonal, GMC)
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Anxiety Disorders
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Personality Disorders
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Substance Use Disorders (including concurrent disorders, and screening assessment tools e.g. CAGE, AUDIT, MAST)
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Somatoform disorders
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Medical Psychiatry
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Other: Impulse control disorders, Factitious Disorder and Malingering
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Amnestic and Dissociative disorders
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Discuss the relative frequency of indirect, direct and femoral hernias by age and gender.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

Describe the relative incidence and location of the most common brain tumors, their clinical manifestations, their diagnosis, and general treatment strategies.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

Discuss risk factors for melanoma.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

Discuss the rationale for management with specific emphasis on: Staging of breast CA; The role of incision and drainage and antibiotics in breast abscess treatment; Current recommendations for screening mammography.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

Discuss the risks of pneumothorax which could prove life-threatening.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

Describe the risk factors, diagnosis and management of epistaxis. Describe the indications and techniques for nasal packing.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Surgery Rotation

The student will build on their basic science, physiology, and clinical examination skills as it pertains to the structure and function the bones, joints, muscle, and connective tissues.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Understand new history and physical examination techniques to formulate a differential diagnosis.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Understand the judicious use of laboratory, radiographic, and other investigations to rule in and rule out each diagnosis.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Interpret the information provided and synthesize an appropriate basic management plan including:
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

The student will learn the relevant surgical anatomy for a variety of musculoskeletal conditions.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

The student will differentiate physiologic from pathological growth.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

The student will identify the major sensory and motor nerves in the extremity and apply this knowledge to examination of the extremities.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

The student will recognize the importance of compound fractures and their management.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Orthopedic Surgery Rotation

Learn how to apply principles of epidemiological sciences to the identification of health problems, risk factors, treatment strategies, resources, and disease prevention/health promotion efforts for patients and populations.
Clerkship Objectives

Clerkship / Medical Subspecialty Selective

Demonstrate an approach to health promotion and disease prevention during patient encounters that reflect best evidence and patient preferences and values.
Clerkship Objectives

Family Medicine TTR / Clerkship / Family Medicine Rotation

Understand responsibility associated with ordering investigations including: resource stewardship and high value care, awareness of range of normal, responsibility to follow-up and review results.
Clerkship Objectives

Internal Medicine TTR / Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Develop a management plan including: Pharmacologic treatment and non-pharmacologic treatment.
Clerkship Objectives

Internal Medicine TTR / Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Integrate epidemiologic skills into choosing diagnostic strategies including: likelihood ratio, sensitivity, specificity, post-test probability, etc.
Clerkship Objectives

Internal Medicine TTR / Clerkship / Internal Medicine Rotation

Demonstrate knowledge of the clinical features, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, differential (including medical), and assessment/management of:
Clerkship Objectives

Psychiatry TTR / Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Geriatric and Cognitive Disorders: geriatric age-related mood, psychosis, anxiety disorders; Delirium and Dementia
Clerkship Objectives

Psychiatry TTR / Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Child and Adolescent Psych (pediatric manifestation of common disorders, pediatric tx issues and their controversies): Neurodevelopmental disorders: intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder, genetic syndromes ( e.g. Down, Fragile X, Fetal Alcohol), learning and communication disorders, AD/HD and treatments. Disruptive behaviour disorders (ODD, CD) Mood and anxiety disorders (incl. separation and school anxiety, and DMDD), use of SSRI in pediatric population Eating disorders. Key points in assessment of child and family functioning.
Clerkship Objectives

Psychiatry TTR / Clerkship / Psychiatry Rotation

Search for and organize essential and accurate research evidence.
General Objectives

Incorporate patient, inter-professional team, and system factors into medical decision-making.
General Objectives

Demonstrate how to engage in shared decision-making with a patient, group, community, or population.
General Objectives

Tag Info

Taxonomy

McMaster Program Competencies

Tag Parent

2. Knowledge for Practice: Demonstrate knowledge of biomedical, clinical, epidemiological and socio-behavioural sciences, and apply this knowledge to patient care.

Use Count

429

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